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Agroecological Management of Weeds – Minimizing Chemical Herbicides in Arable Cropping
Weeds have a strong impact on arable production, causing yield quantity and quality losses. Adequately controlling them is fundamental in arable cropping. However, weeds develop strategies to survive control. For decades, the dominating method to manage weeds was the use of chemical herbicides. Weeds becoming resistant against these chemical herbicides is an obvious and global reaction; together with undesired environmental consequences, this creates increasing pressure to overcome chemical herbicide use. Therefore, foreseeing weed management demands exploiting and evaluating novel methods to replace them. Since each single method will probably be less effective than chemical herbicides, systematic integration and upscaling on levels like fields, farms, cropping systems, landscapes and socio-economics is required in research. Agro-ecological management of weeds stands for this ambition.
Non-Target Effects of Pesticides on Organisms Inhabiting Agroecosystems
Pesticide usage is increasing worldwide and considered among the main factors contributing to the global decline in biodiversity. This Research Topic provides an overview of the state-of-knowledge regarding non-target effects of herbicides, fungicides, insecticides and rodenticides on a variety of ecosystem functions and organisms. Taxa covered in the contributions include algae, amphibians, aquatic fungi, aquatic insects, bats, bumblebees, butterflies, earthworms, enchytraeids, honeybees, plants, rodents and soil microorganisms. The papers also highlight many gaps in our understanding of non-target effects of pesticides and their consequences for biodiversity and functions of various ecosystems. Overall, it became clear that priorities for future work on pesticides and their effects should more focus on investigating or simulating realistic field situations, i.e., multiple applications of pesticides during the growing season including their temporal and spatial interactions with fauna and flora.
Optimising Pesticide Use
Optimising Pesticide Use brings together the wide range of scientific disciplines necessary to ensure best practice through monitoring what is used and improving how it is formulated and applied. The book provides: An in-depth exploration of pesticide optimisation from the view point of industry and research scientist A case study on the development of a new range of active chemistries from bacteria A discussion of complementary pest control methods This text will provide essential information to workers in the pesticide industry and regulatory community who need to be aware of current thinking and advancements in the optimal use of pesticidal compounds and systems, as well as environmental organisations and aid development organisations.
Reconciling agricultural production with biodiversity conservation
Covers the theoretical framework underpinning biodiversity conservation in agriculture, as well as key developments in areas such as mapping and modelling diversity Comprehensive review of the range of biodiversity conservation practices such as field margins, hedgerows, agroforestry and improved grassland management Includes case studies of successful biodiversity conservation programmes
Grasslands in Europe
Grasslands are an important element of European nature. About half of Europe's endemic species depend on grasslands, whether in mountains, lowlands, river plains or coastal areas. Many grasslands originate in traditional agricultural landscapes. Modern intensification, however, brings many of these ecosystems under threat. 'Grasslands in Europe' is a tribute to these important ecosystems. It was written by an international team of grassland experts, who describe twenty-four case studies from countries in all of Europe - ranging from the grasslands of Gotland and #land (Sweden) to the Spanish Dehesa, and from the hay meadows of the British Pennine Dales to the steppes of Turkish Anatolia. Tog...
Seed Testing
An essential reference for students, seed technologists, researchers, and seed industry personnel, this comprehensive guide outlines the most widely performed modern seed quality tests, explores the principles behind them, the history of seed testing, why seeds are tested and when, and sampling, sub-sampling, seed laboratory management, accreditation, and seed quality assurance programs. The authors describe statistical applications to seed testing and tolerances, and they provide a detailed morphological and structural description of seed formation and development. The book examines the testing of genetic traits and transgenic seeds, including DNA and protein genetic purity tests, and cultivar purity identification for conventional seeds. In addition to the most common seed purity and viability tests, tests for seed and seedling vigor, seed-borne diseases and seed moisture determination are also discussed.
Principles of Plant Breeding
Die Pflanzenzucht enthält Elemente individueller und kultureller Selektion - ein Prozeß, den die langerwartete zweite Auflage hinsichtlich sowohl einzelner Pflanzen als auch kompletter Populationen unter die Lupe nimmt. Im Zuge der Aktualisierung des Stoffes wurden neue Themen aufgenommen: moderne Gewebekulturtechniken, molekularbiologische Verfahren, Aspekte der Wechselwirkung zwischen natürlicher und menschlicher Selektion und zwischen Genotyp und Umwelt sowie eine Reihe von Techniken zur Ertragssteigerung in ungünstigen Anbaugebieten. (05/99)
