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Digital markets and online platforms: new perspectives on regulation and competition law
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 104

Digital markets and online platforms: new perspectives on regulation and competition law

  • Categories: Law

Across the world, regulators and policy makers are grappling with how to establish a competitive, safe and fair online environment that also safeguards users’ fundamental rights as citizens. Ahead of the European Commission’s Digital Markets Act (DMA), this book “Digital markets and online platforms: new perspectives on regulation and competition law“, presents CERRE’s latest contribution to the debate with concrete policy recommendations. Together, the policy recommendations in this book present a roadmap that should be pursued for EU policy makers to safeguard competition and innovation in digital platform markets. They can be organised into three key areas for action: (i) More e...

Market definition and market power in the platform economy
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 96

Market definition and market power in the platform economy

  • Categories: Law

With the rise of digital platforms and the natural tendency of markets involving platforms to become concentrated, competition authorities and courts are more frequently in a position to investigate and decide merger and abuse cases that involve platforms. This report provides guidance on how to define markets and on how to assess market power when dealing with two-sided platforms. DEFINITION Competition authorities and courts are well advised to uniformly use a multi-markets approach when defining markets in the context of two-sided platforms. The multi-markets approach is the more flexible instrument compared to the competing single-market approach that defines a single market for both sid...

The role of data for digital markets contestability
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 135

The role of data for digital markets contestability

This report analyses the processes that turn data into economic value for online search, e-commerce and media platforms. It concludes that forcing data sharing through policy intervention would not prevent dominant incumbents to continue to benefit economically from greater access to data over new entrants. Instead, policy makers should focus on enabling niche entry, niche growth and a level playing field for competitors in new and emerging markets. Data play a central role in the business models that shape competition and innovation in digital markets. As dominant providers of online services collect ever more user data they generate data-driven network effects. They can then improve their ...

Device Neutrality
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 66

Device Neutrality

Since the ‘net neutrality’ debate began in the early 2000s, the internet ecosystem has evolved and European policymakers now face a different type of gatekeeper. This CERRE Tech, Media, Telecom report identifies the main competitive bottlenecks and discusses whether the key pillars of net neutrality regulation – openness, non-discrimination and transparency – should also apply to certain types of devices, such as smartphones and laptops. Assuming that smartphones are likely to be the first choice for consumers accessing the internet and that they are, therefore, a crucial element of the internet access value chain, the authors of the CERRE report make concrete suggestions, focusing o...

Shared mobility and MaaS
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 82

Shared mobility and MaaS

This CERRE report finds that to effectively reduce congestion and pollution in cities, policies should focus primarily on the rarest resource: space. Mobility as a Service (MaaS) also has a role to play in the transition towards truly sustainable mobility. But this is provided regulation guarantees that new mobility models complement and not substitute for public transport. European cities have been trying to enhance their mobility and transport systems, while reducing congestion, pollution, CO2 emissions, noise and accidents. Local transport policies across countries strive to encourage car drivers to switch to public transport, but with limited success. The authors of the report find that ...

Making data portability more effective for the digital economy
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 103

Making data portability more effective for the digital economy

This study provides recommendations on how to make personal data portability more effective. This will truly empower consumers to use the services they want and share their data with whoever they wish and stimulate innovation in Europe. With the entry into force of the GDPR, European citizens gained new rights, notably with data portability. But two years later, there is still little sign of people exercising this right, and of companies offering an easy and convenient service for data portability. While the European Commission is finalising its evaluation of the GDPR and closes its consultation on the European data strategy, the authors, professors Jan Krämer, Pierre Senellart and Alexandr...

State aid guidelines for environmental protection and energy (EEAG)
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 116

State aid guidelines for environmental protection and energy (EEAG)

Europe’s energy State aid guidelines no longer reflect the market reality and need to be carefully revised. This study looks at the existing rules and provides recommendations for the revised guidelines to effectively contribute to accelerating the decarbonisation of Europe’s economy. It calls on the European Commission to pursue a combined approach that looks at reinforcing both common objectives and specific State aid measures. Since the approval of the latest Guidelines for State Aid for Energy and Environmental Protection (EEAG) in 2014, the EU institutions have agreed to accelerate the decarbonisation process to reach a climate-neutral economy by 2050. This strong impetus heavily in...

What Does the European Union Do?
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 68

What Does the European Union Do?

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2002
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  • Publisher: Unknown

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European Union Law
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 1150

European Union Law

  • Categories: Law
  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2010-06-24
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  • Publisher: Unknown

'An excellent book, it manages to be thorough, accessible and insightful at the same time. Highly recommended.'-Urfan Khaliq, Cardiff University Eagerly awaited new edition of the foremost textbook on EU Law. Revised after extensive user feedback to align with current teaching trends, this is the first major textbook to be published since the ratification of the Lisbon Treaty. Retained from the first edition An engaging writing style that makes complex ideas easy to understand Extracts from a variety of sources that show you how the law is created, interpreted and used in real life Critical analysis to encourage independent thinking Comprehensive range of topics covered û all the subjects y...

Reforming the Chinese Electricity Supply Sector
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 279

Reforming the Chinese Electricity Supply Sector

The Chinese electricity sector is the largest in the world, covering well over 20% of the world's electricity supply. While many other countries liberalized their electricity systems in the 1990s, thereby creating competitive wholesale and retail electricity markets, China’s move towards liberalization has advanced at a slower pace – until now. Following the China State Council's publication of the No. 9 document on 'Deepening Reform of the Power Sector', this book reflects on the ambitious new round of reforms aimed at introducing competitive wholesale electricity markets and incentive regulation for its power grids. Written in collaboration with Hao Chen, Lewis Dale and Chung-Han Yang, this book provides lessons for China’s reforms from international experience, combining a detailed review of reforms from around the world with specific application to China and focuses on how the industrial price of electricity is determined in a liberalized power system.