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Stigmatic Optics
"This book examines the concept of stigmatism from its base to the most fundamental stigmatic systems. It starts with the foundations of stigmatism: Maxwell's equations, the eikonal equation, the ray equation, the Fermat principle and Snell's law. Then the most important stigmatic optical systems are studied, without any paraxial or third order approximation or without any optimization process. These systems are the conical mirrors, the Cartesian ovals and the stigmatic lenses. Conical mirrors are studied step by step with clear examples. In the case of the Cartesian ovals, two paradigms are studied: the first, the Cartesian ovals are obtained by means of a polynomial series and the second by means of a general equation of the Cartesian oval. Through the study of these systems, the uniqueness of stigmatism is formulated, and the implications of this uniqueness are presented at the end of the book. This book is an excellent guide for producers of lenses and optical products, and academics in lens design and optics." -- Prové de l'editor.
Aspheric Freeform Lens Design
This book presents an in-depth look at lenses free of spherical aberrations and is provided using illustrative examples. Mathematical principles behind lenses free of spherical aberration are included with an introduction to set theory, the conics, continuity, real analysis and topology. Physical principles are covered as well as a step by step guide to mathematical model for deducing the general formula of the stigmatic lens, in order to design a singlet free of spherical aberration. Subsequently, the characteristics of these lenses and the equations that describes them are studied. Finally, several implications of these lenses are studied, such as freeform lenses, optical systems, axicons, telescopes and more. Scenarios with on-axis objects and off-axis objects are considered. Cases where the object is real or virtual, and the image is real or virtual are also presented. The book is a valuable resource for industrial specialists and academics in lens design and optics, and an insightful guide for optical physics students.
The Mathematics of Geometrical and Physical Optics
In this sequel to his book, "The Optics of Rays, Wavefronts, and Caustics," Stavroudis not only covers his own research results, but also includes more recent developments. The book is divided into three parts, starting with basic mathematical concepts that are further applied in the book. Surface geometry is treated with classical mathematics, while the second part covers the k-function, discussing and solving the eikonal equation as well as Maxwell equations in this context. A final part on applications consists of conclusions drawn or developed in the first two parts of the book, discussing such topics as the Cartesian oval, the modern Schiefspiegler, Huygen's principle, and Maxwell's model of Gauss' perfect lens.
Fourier Optics and Computational Imaging
This book covers both the mathematics of inverse problems and optical systems design, and includes a review of the mathematical methods and Fourier optics. The first part of the book deals with the mathematical tools in detail with minimal assumption about prior knowledge on the part of the reader. The second part of the book discusses concepts in optics, particularly propagation of optical waves and coherence properties of optical fields that form the basis of the computational models used for image recovery. The third part provides a discussion of specific imaging systems that illustrate the power of the hybrid computational imaging model in enhancing imaging performance. A number of exercises are provided for readers to develop further understanding of computational imaging. While the focus of the book is largely on optical imaging systems, the key concepts are discussed in a fairly general manner so as to provide useful background for understanding the mechanisms of a diverse range of imaging modalities.
A Student's Guide to Maxwell's Equations
Gauss's law for electric fields, Gauss's law for magnetic fields, Faraday's law, and the Ampere–Maxwell law are four of the most influential equations in science. In this guide for students, each equation is the subject of an entire chapter, with detailed, plain-language explanations of the physical meaning of each symbol in the equation, for both the integral and differential forms. The final chapter shows how Maxwell's equations may be combined to produce the wave equation, the basis for the electromagnetic theory of light. This book is a wonderful resource for undergraduate and graduate courses in electromagnetism and electromagnetics. A website hosted by the author at www.cambridge.org/9780521701471 contains interactive solutions to every problem in the text as well as audio podcasts to walk students through each chapter.
Enabling the Business of Agriculture 2019
Enabling the Business of Agriculture 2019 presents indicators that measure the laws, regulations and bureaucratic processes that affect farmers in 101 countries. The study covers eight thematic areas: supplying seed, registering fertilizer, securing water, registering machinery, sustaining livestock, protecting plant health, trading food and accessing finance. The report highlights global best performers and countries that made the most significant regulatory improvements in support of farmers.
DIOCLES, On Burning Mirrors
This publication would not have been what it is without the help of many institutions and people, which I acknowledge most gratefully. I thank the Central Library and Documentation Center, Iran, and its director, Mr. Iraji Afshar, for permission to publish photo graphs of that part of ms. 392 of the Shrine Library, Meshhed, containing Diocles' treatise. I also thank the authorities of the Shrine Library, and especially Mr. Ahmad GolchTn-Ma'anT, for their cooperation in providing photographs of the manuscript. Mr. GolchTn Ma'anT also sent me, most generously, a copy of his catalogue of the astronomical and mathematical manuscripts of the Shrine Library. I am grateful to the Chester Beatty Lib...
Handbook of Optical Design
Infused with more than 500 tables and figures, this reference clearly illustrates the intricacies of optical system design and evaluation and considers key aspects of component selection, optimization, and integration for the development of effective optical apparatus. The book provides a much-needed update on the vanguard in the field with vivid e
Lenses and Waves
In 1690, Christiaan Huygens (1629-1695) published Traité de la Lumière, containing his renowned wave theory of light. It is considered a landmark in seventeenth-century science, for the way Huygens mathematized the corpuscular nature of light and his probabilistic conception of natural knowledge. This book discusses the development of Huygens' wave theory, reconstructing the winding road that eventually led to Traité de la Lumière. For the first time, the full range of manuscript sources is taken into account. In addition, the development of Huygens' thinking on the nature of light is put in the context of his optics as a whole, which was dominated by his lifelong pursuit of theoretical ...
