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Measuring Military Readiness and Sustainability
The "four pillars" of military capability are force structure, modernization, readiness, and sustainability. Peacetime expenditures toward achieving and maintaining readiness and sustainability-e.g., through training, maintenance, and materiel stockpiling-typically use more than half the Department of Defense's (DoD's) budget. readiness and sustainability, which reflect approximately how quickly and for how long forces would be usable, govern the degree to which the other two pillars could be exploited in wartime.
Warfare in a Fragile World
This book, first published in 1980, examines the extent to which warfare and other military activities contribute to environmental degradation. The military capability to damage the environment has escalated. The military use and abuse of each of the several major global habitats – temperate, tropical, desert, arctic, insular and oceanic – are evaluated separately in the light of the civil use and abuse of that habitat.
Green Warriors
Recent experiences in Iraq, Afghanistan, and the Balkans have highlighted the importance of environmental considerations. These range from protecting soldier health and disposing of hazardous waste to building water supply systems and other activities that help achieve national goals in the post-conflict phase of contingency operations. The Army has become increasingly involved with environmental issues in every contingency operation and must be better prepared to deal with them. This study assesses whether existing policy, doctrine, and guidance adequately address environmental activities in post-conflict military operations and reconstruction. Findings are based on reviews of top-level pol...
Measuring Military Readiness and Sustainability
This report reviews the state of the art in readiness and sustainability measurement and develops a strategic concept design for measurements that would better serve high-level defense decisionmakers. The authors identify (1) incremental improvements that would raise the value of information derived from current reporting and analysis systems and (2) a new concept for assessing readiness and sustainability that would integrate several existing reporting and analysis approaches. The findings indicate that today's indicators of readiness and sustainability do not provide high-level defense decisionmakers with appropriate information. Estimates of the levels of activity that U.S. forces could achieve over time in different contingencies would be more useful. Using continuous numerical scales and showing changes during a contingency, such integrated assessments should prove more sensitive to resource level changes and allow easier comparisons from year to year.
Militarizing the Environment
As the seriousness of climate change becomes more and more obvious, military institutions are responding by taking a prominent role in the governing of environmental concerns, engaging in “climate change war games,” and preparing for the effects of climate change—from conflicts due to loss of food, water, and energy to the mass migration of millions of people displaced by rising sea levels. This combat-oriented stance stems from a self-destructive pattern of thought that Robert P. Marzec names “environmentality,” an attitude that has been affecting human–environmental relations since the seventeenth century. Militarizing the Environment traces the rise of this influential mindset...
Two Shades of Green: Environmental Protection and Combat Training
This report presents a RAND/Arroyo Center briefing on the implications of environmental restrictions for military combat training. It draws heavily on a case study of Fort Bragg, North Carolina, where the conflict between effective training and sound resource conservation practices has reached near-crisis levels. The Bragg case is unique because of both the difficulty and transparency of the issues. It serves as a valuable "bell ringer" case study to help the Army meet similar challenges at other installations that must conduct significant military missions while conserving sensitive ecosystems. The recent transformation of Fort Bragg, guided by sustained high-level command involvement, confirms the ability of bases to meet these challenges when adequate will and resources are applied. The strategic and detailed lessons learned through wide-ranging retrospective analysis can assist the Army in determining the root causes of its difficulties and in developing a strategy to meet both its training and environmental responsibilities in a balanced and proactive way.
