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Social Comparison and Social Psychology
Publisher Description
Handbook of Social Comparison
Comparison of objects, events, and situations is integral to judgment; comparisons of the self with other people comprise one of the building blocks of human conduct and experience. After four decades of research, the topic of social comparison is more popular than ever. In this timely handbook a distinguished roster of researchers and theoreticians describe where the field has been since its development in the early 1950s and where it is likely to go next.
Communal Functions of Social Comparison
The extent to which we see ourselves as similar or different from others in our lives plays a key role in getting along and participating in social life. This volume identifies research relevant to such communal functions of social comparisons and summarizes and organizes this research within a single, coherent conceptual framework. The volume provides an important addition to current thinking about social comparison, which has often neglected communal and affiliative functions. Whereas human desire to compare with others has traditionally been viewed as motivated by self-centered needs such as self-evaluation, self-enhancement, and self-improvement, this book presents an eclectic cross-section of research that illuminates connective, cooperative, and participatory functions of social comparisons. In this vein, the book aims both to expose research on currently neglected functions of social comparisons and to motivate a broader theoretical integration of social comparison processes.
Social Comparison
Assessment of abilities, opinions, and overall feelings of self-worth, are commonly acknowledged to be influenced by how ones’ attributes compare with those of other people. In contemporary social psychology, this process is known as social comparison or interpersonal comparison. Originally published in 1991, this volume presents the most recent developments in this field of study at the time. As described in the chapters the theory has gone through several iterations, taken on new problems and research paradigms, and reached out to other social-psychological areas of study. Some of this research addresses questions that are logical extensions of Festinger’s theory; some consider questions that derive from entirely different ways of construing the comparison process from Festinger’s original approach. Although all questions are not settled, the work presented here shows how far the original social comparison theory has evolved and suggests where the next insights are likely to be found. Today it can be read in its historical contex
Comparative Methods in Psychology
First published in 1980. Psychology is today increasingly diversified, sophisticated, pluralistic, and specialized, and psychologists venture beyond the confines of their narrow subdiscipline only rarely. Yet psychologists with different specialties encounter similar problems, ask similar questions, and share similar concerns. Unfortunately, there are far too few forums for the expression or exploration of what is common in psychology. The series, Crosscurrents in Contemporary Psychology, is intended to serve as such a forum. The purpose of this volume, Comparative Methods in Psychology is to make available to the psychological community thoughtful essays that examine the history, philosophy, theory, methodology, and experimentation representative of major comparative methods. The chapters in this collection are intended to introduce students of psychology to specialized modes of comparison from the perspectives of prominent contributors and to promote mutual discussion among comparativists of issues and concerns common to all types of comparison.
Self Psychology
This collection of "comparisons and contrasts" explores Heinz Kohut's self psychology in relation to a wide-ranging group of modern thinkers, both inside and outside of analysis. Separate sections analyze self psychology alongside Freud and the first generation of psychoanalytic dissidents; British object relations theorists; and contemporary theorists like Kernberg, Mahler, Lacan, and Masterson.
From Freud to Jung
This comparative study of the basic concepts of Freud and Jung is designed to give a comprehensive understanding of Jung's work. The author traces the development of Jung from his initial fascination with Freud's ideas to his gradual liberation from these powerful concepts and the final breakthrough into his own unique theories of man and the cosmos. Jung's fundamental view—that the psyche is a totality of conscious and unconscious elements that seeks to realize itself—stands in sharp contrast to Freud's early view of the psyche as primarily the effect of prior causes. Hence Freud tends to stress the pathological, whereas Jung looks to the creative and self-transcending aspects of human nature. The final section of the book describes the development of Jung's ideas after the death of Freud, particularly his concept of the archetypes.
Social Comparison, Judgment, and Behavior
Comparison with other people, a core element of social life, influences self-concept, attitudes, conformity, psychological and physical well-being, achievement, educational outcomes, and social movements. This volume presents classic and state-of-the-science chapters by leading experts that survey the major areas of social comparison theory and research.
Comparative Perspectives in Modern Psychology
The study of animal behavior throws light on everything said to be ?natural?: social and family relations, mating, communication, and learning. Comparative Perspectives in Modern Psychology illustrates that human behavior is best understood through a method of comparative psychology, based on evolutionary theory that views behavior as the result of the complex interplay of genetics and environment. Contents include: ?The Comparative Psychology of Monogamy? by Donald A. Dewsbury; ?Coming to Terms with the Everyday Language of Comparative Psychology? by Meredith J. West and Andrew P. King; ?The Darwinian Psychology of Discriminative Parental Solicitude? by Martin Daly and Margo Wilson; ?A Comparative Approach to Vocal Communication? by Charles T. Snowdon; ?A New Look at Ape Language: Comprehension of Vocal Speech and Syntax? by Sue Savage-Rumbaugh; ?A Synthetic Approach to the Study of Animal Intelligence? by Alan C. Kamil.
