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The visualization of volume data is a fundamental component in the medical domain. Volume data is used in the clinical work-flow to diagnose patients and is therefore of uttermost importance. The amount of data is rapidly increasing as sensors, such as computed tomography scanners, become capable of measuring more details and gathering more data over time. Unfortunately, the increasing amount of data makes it computationally challenging to interactively apply high quality methods to increase shape and depth perception. Furthermore, methods for exploring volume data has mostly been designed for experts, which prohibits novice users from exploring volume data. This thesis aims to address these...
This book aims to provide clinicians with a refined understanding of the biology that underlies periodontal diseases, thereby offering a sound basis for improved clinical decision making with regard to prevention strategies, diagnosis, and therapy. All significant aspects of periodontal pathogenesis are covered, including the roles played by the oral microbiome and biofilms, bacterial virulence factors, cells of the immune system, matrix metalloproteinases, proinflammatory and osteolytic cytokines, genetic factors, and antimicrobial peptides. Periodontal diseases are among the most common infectious diseases in humans, and the primary cause of tooth loss in adults. The functional and esthetic problems associated with these diseases compromise quality of life, and their treatment imposes large financial burdens on national health systems and private patients. Up-to-date knowledge of periodontal pathogenesis is therefore essential for the contemporary clinician. This book, written by experts from Europe and the Americas, delivers such knowledge in an accessible, clinician-friendly way.
This book explores how transportation models can play a role in a changing transport planning and policy making context. Most models are rooted in decades of development work and are geared to offer value-free, academic and explicit knowledge to transport planning experts. However, planning practice has changed dramatically over the years, resulting in a less technical rational view on the use of such knowledge – especially so in early, strategy making phases. More and more complex policy goals, integration of a wide area of other policy domains, a wider, ever-changing and much more mixed group of planning participants and much more focus on ‘wicked problems’. The book maps how this influences the effectiveness of transport modelling exercises and explores several state-of-the-art implementations. This book was published as a special issue of Transport Reviews.
As we increase our reliance on computer-generated information, often using it as part of our decision-making process, we must devise tools to assess the correctness of that information. Consider, for example, software embedded on vehicles, used for simulating aircraft performance, or used in medical imaging. In those cases, software correctness is of paramount importance as there's little room for error. Software verification is one of the tools available to attain such goals. Verification is a well known and widely studied subfield of computer science and computational science and the goal is to help us increase confidence in the software implementation by verifying that the software does w...
This edited book explores the use of technology to enable us to visualise the life sciences in a more meaningful and engaging way. It will enable those interested in visualisation techniques to gain a better understanding of the applications that can be used in visualisation, imaging and analysis, education, engagement and training. The reader will be able to explore the utilisation of technologies from a number of fields to enable an engaging and meaningful visual representation of the biomedical sciences, with a focus in this volume related to anatomy, and clinically applied scenarios. The first six chapters have an anatomical focus examining digital technologies and applications to enhanc...
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is a common technique for imaging brain activity in humans. However, the fMRI signal stems from local changes in oxygen level rather than from neuronal excitation. The change in oxygen level is referred to as the Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) response, and is connected to neuronal excitation and the BOLD response are connected by the neurovascular coupling. The neurons affect the oxygen metabolism, blood volume and blood flow, and this in turn controls the shape of the BOLD response. This interplay is complex, and therefore fMRI analysis often relies on models. However, none of the previously existing models are based on the intracellular me...
This book constitutes thoroughly revised and selected papers from the 15th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications, VISIGRAPP 2020, held in Valletta, Malta, in February 2020. The 25 thoroughly revised and extended papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 455 submissions. The papers contribute to the understanding of relevant trends of current research on computer graphics; human computer interaction; information visualization; computer vision.
Cities are growing faster than ever before, but why? Because they foster proximity. Nearness to work, friends and culture has always been a driving force in urban development, from the first cities in which people walked everywhere to today’s car-powered cities with their scattered suburbs, highways and narrow pavements. Many scholars, politicians and civic groups are beginning to question the way cities are adapted to car traffic as it causes distance rather than proximity. As a result, a radical urban transformation has begun. What will the cities of the future look like? How will we live our lives and how will new technologies – self-driving cars for example – and new city planning ...
This book presents the proceedings of the 24th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI 2020), held in Santiago de Compostela, Spain, from 29 August to 8 September 2020. The conference was postponed from June, and much of it conducted online due to the COVID-19 restrictions. The conference is one of the principal occasions for researchers and practitioners of AI to meet and discuss the latest trends and challenges in all fields of AI and to demonstrate innovative applications and uses of advanced AI technology. The book also includes the proceedings of the 10th Conference on Prestigious Applications of Artificial Intelligence (PAIS 2020) held at the same time. A record number of ...