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An Ethical Framework for Global Governance for Health Research
This book provides a comprehensive description and ethical analysis of one of the most challenging areas: international health research. Furthermore, it provides a vivid portrait of the current situation of global governance for health research and its main challenges and suggests a comprehensive and universal ethical framework based on the existing theories and frameworks. This work is a must-read for all the students, scholars, professionals, activists, and policy-makers who are involved or interested in the global health research enterprise and its governance and ethics.
The Ethical Governance of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Healthcare
This book explores the ethical governance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) & Machine Learning (ML) in healthcare. AI/ML usage in healthcare as well as our daily lives is not new. However, the direct, and oftentimes long-term effects of current technologies, in addition to the onset of future innovations, have caused much debate about the safety of AI/ML. On the one hand, AI/ML has the potential to provide effective and efficient care to patients, and this sways the argument in favor of continuing to use AI/ML; but on the other hand, the dangers (including unforeseen future consequences of the further development of the technology) leads to vehement disagreement with further AI/ML usage. Due to its potential for beneficial outcomes, the book opts to push for ethical AI/ML to be developed and examines various areas in healthcare, such as big data analytics and clinical decision-making, to uncover and discuss the importance of developing ethical governance for AI/ML in this setting.
The Oxford Handbook of Research Ethics
The development of new pharmaceutical products and behavioral interventions aimed at improving people's health, as well as research that assesses the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of public policies, such as policies designed to improve children's education or reduce poverty, depends on research conducted with human participants. It is imperative that research with human subjects is conducted in accordance with sound ethical principles and regulatory requirements. Featuring 45 original essays by leading research ethicists, The Oxford Handbook of Research Ethics offers a critical overview of the ethics of human subjects research within multiple disciplines and fields, including biomedicine, public health, psychiatry, sociology, political science, and public policy.
The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics
The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics is the first comprehensive and systematic reference on clinical research ethics. Under the editorship of experts from the U.S. National Institutes of Health of the United States, the book's 73 chapters offer a wide-ranging and systematic examination of all aspects of research with human beings. Considering the historical triumphs of research as well as its tragedies, the textbook provides a framework for analyzing the ethical aspects of research studies with human beings. Through both conceptual analysis and systematic reviews of empirical data, the contributors examine issues ranging from scientific validity, fair subject selection, risk benefit ratio, independent review, and informed consent to focused consideration of international research ethics, conflicts of interests, and other aspects of responsible conduct of research. The editors of The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Research Ethics offer a work that critically assesses and advances scholarship in the field of human subjects research. Comprehensive in scope and depth, this book will be a crucial resource for researchers in the medical sciences, as well as teachers and students.
The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Disability
This Handbook introduces philosophers, as well as other scholars in the humanities and social sciences, to one of the most dynamic new areas of philosophical inquiry. Disability raises some of the deepest conceptual and normative issues about human embodiment and well-being; dignity, respect, justice and equality; and personal and social identity. But it also raises pressing practical questions for educational, health, reproductive, and technology policy, and confronts controversial questions about the scope and direction of the human and civil rights movements. The Handbook addresses these issues and more, with contributions from some of the most prominent philosophers in the field. The clarity it brings to these discussions demonstrates fully the continued centrality and importance of philosophical inquiry.
Human Subjects Research Regulation
The current framework for the regulation of human subjects research emerged largely in reaction to the horrors of Nazi human experiment, revealed at the Nuremburg trials, and the Tuskegee syphilis study, conducted by US government researchers from 1932 to 1972. This framework combining elements of paternalism with efforts to preserve individual autonomy, has remained fundamentally unchanged for decades Yet, as this book documents, it has significant flaws-including its potential to burden important research, overprotect some subjects and inadequately protect others, generate inconsistent results, and lag behind developments in how research is conducted. Invigorated by the US government's fir...
Bioethics
Bioethics: 50 Puzzles, Problems, and Thought Experiments collects 50 cases—both real and imaginary—that have been, or should be, of special interest and importance to philosophical bioethics. Cases are collected together under topical headings in a natural order for an introductory course in bioethics. Each case is described in a few pages, which includes bioethical context, a concise narrative of the case itself, and a discussion of its importance, both for broader philosophical issues and for practical problems in clinical ethics and health policy. Each entry also contains a brief, annotated, list of suggested readings. In addition to the classic cases in bioethics, the book contains d...
Research as Development
In Research as Development, Salla Sariola and Bob Simpson show how international collaboration operates in a setting that is typically portrayed as "resource-poor" and "scientifically lagging." Based on their long-term fieldwork in Sri Lanka, Sariola and Simpson bring into clear ethnographic focus the ways international scientific collaborations feature prominently in the pursuit of global health in which research operates "as" development and not merely "for" it. The authors follow the design, inception, and practice of two clinical trials: one a global health charity funded trial and the other a pharmaceutical industry-sponsored trial. Research as Development situates these two trials with...
Speaking for the Dying
Seven in ten Americans over the age of age of sixty who require medical decisions in the final days of their life lack the capacity to make them. For many of us, our biggest, life-and-death decisions—literally—will therefore be made by someone else. They will decide whether we live or die; between long life and quality of life; whether we receive heroic interventions in our final hours; and whether we die in a hospital or at home. They will determine whether our wishes are honored and choose between fidelity to our interests and what is best for themselves or others. Yet despite their critical role, we know remarkably little about how our loved ones decide for us. Speaking for the Dying ...
