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A fungus is a eukaryote microbe that absorbs nutrients directly through its cell walls from the host / substrate and digests food. Most fungi reproduce sexually and by asexual spores. They have a body (thallus) composed of microscopic tubular cells called hyphae. Fungi are heterotrophs and obtain their carbon and energy from other organisms. Some fungi are parasites and obtain their food from a living host (plant or animal) and hence they are called biotrophs. Some fungi are growing as saprophytes and obtain their food from dead plants or animals. Some fungi infect a living host, but kill host cells in order to obtain their nutrients; these are called necrotrophs. Fungi were once considered to be primitive members of the plant kingdom and are slightly more advanced than bacteria. Fungi are more closely related to animals than they are to plants.
The chemical composition and metabolic reactions of the organisms appear to be similar even though there is biological diversity. The composition of living tissues and non-living matter also appear to be similar in qualitative analysis. Closer analysis shows that the relative abundance of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen is higher in living system. All the carbon compounds we get from living tissues can be called biomolecules.
This preparatory manual is a single source reference for postgraduate exam preparation. Intense efforts have gone in preparation of the book to make it complete in all aspects. In-depth coverage of every subject in the form of synopsis is the highlight of the book. To enhance rapid reading, quick learning facts have been framed as an effective learning tool. Multiple-choice questions have been designed to suit both national and international competitive postgraduate entrance examinations.
1 General Anaesthetics 2 Local anaesthetics 3 Alcohols And alcoholism 4 Antipsychotics 5 Anti anxiety Drugs 6 Sedatives and Hydnotics 7 Antidepressant drugs 8 Antimanic drugs Mood stabilising agents 9 CNS stimulants 10 Antiepileptic drugs 11 Pharmacotherapy of parkinsons disease 12 Pharmacotherapy of alzheimers disease 13 Opioid analgesics and antagonists 14 Non steroidal anti inflammatory agents 15 Pharmacotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis 16 Pharmacotherapy of gout 17 Drugs used in bronchial asthma and COPD 18 Nasal decongestants expectorants and antitussive agents 19 Pharmacotherapy of peptic ulcer 20 Pharmacology of emetics and anti emetics 21 pharmacotherapy of contipation 22 pharmacotherapy of diarrhoea 23 Question Bank of pune university B Pharm Pharmacology Examination