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Structural Adjustment and Living Conditions in Developing Countries
By and large, social indicators in developing countries improved in the 1980s, but progress was slowest in the countries that needed it the most. The data show unacceptably high mortality rates, low school enrollment levels, and extensive undernutrition in many parts of the world. Of particular concern are the declining primary enrollment ratios in intensely adjusting countries. This erosion of human capital is inconsistent with the main objectives of adjustment: sustainable long-term growth.
Including the Poor
Explores the role of government policy in economic development in the Republic of Korea. The Republic of Korea has achieved economic success on many fronts. Real GNP has tripled every decade since the 1960s. A dynamic and flexible manufacturing sector now dominates the economy. The benefits of growth have been widely distributed, with a sharp decrease in poverty. This study, like others in the series, seeks to draw lessons from such success and to identify and analyze the policies behind this strong economic performance. Koreas development strategy and macroeconomic performance are outlined in Part I. Several factors are seen to underlie strong growth, including the maintenance of a stable m...
Lessons from the Heterodox Stabilization Programs
Heterodox stabilization programs are more successful in chronic high inflation countries because only there can the benefits from achieving a rapid initial reduction in inflation outweigh the costs of tampering with price and wage controls. While the heterodox phase is effective in blocking inflation initially, success depends on a long- term commitment to the orthodox part of the program and the readiness to accept the unavoidable costs of disinflation.
Modeling Economic Behavior in Peru's Informal Urban Retail Sector
Small family business that operate outside the formal system comprise a large part of the economy in developing countries and more than half the Peruvian street vendors are women. This model of informal activity in Peru's urban areas elicits policy recommendations to improve productivity (especially women's) in the informal sector.
Should Employee Participation be Part of Privatization?
Employee participation has grown rapidly in many developed countries, but it is only beginning to emerge as an element in the economies of developing nations. Evidence shows that employee ownership and other forms of employee participation can ease privatization.
African Political Economy
Examines FDR and the New Deal era from the perspectives of social and cultural history, political science, popular culture, and political history.
Welfare and the Labor Market in Poland
This report assesses the changes in social welfare and policy that have taken place in Poland during the economic transition. It tests the main hypotheses concerning changes in the role of the welfare state, workings of the labor market, the distributional consequences of transition, and more generally about the winners and losers in transition. Chapter one examines trends in social expenditure during economic transition. Chapter two focuses on changes in the labor market, including emerging risks and opportunities. Chapter three explores distributional consequences of transition.
Economic growth : a review of the theoretical and empirical literature
Some countries have achieved rapid growth rates and caught up with wealthier countries while others have achieved little or no growth. Efforts to determine the reasons for these differences are an important theoretical and empirical task.
