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America on the Ice
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MODERNIZING THE U.S. NUCLEAR TRIAD
Since the late 1950s, the United States has fielded a Triad consisting of air-, sea-, and land-based nuclear delivery systems. After decades of service, major components of all three legs are now nearing the end of their scheduled service lives. Several modernization programs are well underway, but the decision to replace the aging Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) with a new system, called the Ground-Based Strategic Deterrent (GBSD), has catalyzed a debate over the role of nuclear weapons in U.S. national security policy and the composition and costs of the U.S. nuclear arsenal. This Perspective presents an overview of the principal arguments publicly advanced for and against continuing the GBSD program of record. Intended to assist Air Force officials' decisionmaking, it describes the role of the Triad in U.S. nuclear weapons policy, surveys the current strategic landscape, and outlines the major nuclear modernization programs of record, as well as describing and assessing the major objections related to fielding a new ICBM.
America on the Ice
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America on the Ice
Reviews U.S. interests in Antarctica prior to possible major revisions or even elimination in 1991 of the Antarctic Treaty of 1959, under which the U.S. and other nations have quietly and peacefully pursued exploration and scientific research there. Examines Antarctica before the 1959 treaty, and then scrutinizes the operation of the treaty itself. Three major challenges to continued cooperation in Antarctica have arisen: modest discoveries of dwindling natural resources; certain nations, not signatories to the treaty, question the right of treaty members to control resource development; and disputes over territorial sovereignty remain to be resolved.
Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution in Comparative Organizations
The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE) System is a key enabler for DoD to fulfill its mission. But in light of a dynamic threat environment, increasingly capable adversaries, and rapid technological changes, there has been increasing concern that DoD's resource planning processes are too slow and inflexible to meet warfighter needs. As a result, Congress mandated the formation of a legislative commission to (1) examine the effectiveness of the PPBE process and adjacent DoD practices, particularly with respect to defense modernization; (2) consider potential alternatives to these processes and practices to maximize DoD's ability to respond ...
Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution in Comparative Organizations
The Commission on Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE) Reform asked RAND for an independent analysis of PPBE-like functions in selected countries and other U.S. federal agencies comparable to the U.S. Department of Defense. This executive summary distills key insights from seven case studies of budgeting processes, as detailed in two companion volumes, and compiles findings from all 16 case studies in the seven-volume series.
Military Review
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