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More than one million men and women have received the Purple Heart since its creation as an award “for military merit” in 1932. This book provides a brief history of the Purple Heart, with a focus on how the decoration’s award criteria have evolved over the last 75 years. The book then takes a representative look at Purple Heart recipients from all the services by conflict, starting with the Civil War and concluding with the on-going conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq.
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Offers coverage of wartime extra-legal courts. Focusing on those periods when the Constitution and civil liberties have been most severely tested by threats to national security, Fisher critiques tribunals called during the presidencies of Washington, Madison, Jackson, Lincoln, Andrew Johnson, Wilson, Franklin Roosevelt, and Truman.
Contents: (1) Current Status (as of '07); Critics¿ Views; Applicable Law; (2) The Law of War: Characterizing the Conflict; Authority to Detain during an Internat. Armed Conflict; POWs; Civilian Detainees; Unlawful Belligerents; Interp. of GPW Article 4; GPW Art. 4A(1): Does Al Qaeda Form ¿Part of¿ the Armed Forces of a Party to the Conflict?; GPW Art. 4A(2): Does Al Qaeda ¿Belong to¿ a Party to the Conflict?; The Four Criteria; Determining Status under GPW Art. 5; Detention in Non-Internat. Armed Conflicts; (3) Treat. of Detainees at Guantánamo: Interrogation; Trial and Punishment; POWs; Civilians; Unlawful Belligerents; Security Measures; Repatriation; Right to Redress; (4) Congress¿s Role: Detainee Treatment Act of '05; Military Commissions Act of '06.
In Lawfare, author Orde Kittrie's draws on his experiences as a lawfare practitioner, US State Department attorney, and international law scholar in analyzing the theory and practice of the strategic leveraging of law as an increasingly powerful and effective weapon in the current global security landscape. Lawfare incorporates case studies of recent offensive and defensive lawfare by the United States, Iran, China, and by both sides of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and includes dozens of examples of how lawfare has thus been waged and defended against. Kittrie notes that since private attorneys can play important and decisive roles in their nations' national security plans through their expertise in areas like financial law, maritime insurance law, cyber law, and telecommunications law, the full scope of lawfare's impact and possibilities are just starting to be understood.