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Respiration and Crop Productivity
Respiration is a large and important component of the carbon economy of crops. There are already several good books dealing with the biochemistry and physiol ogy of plant respiration, but there are none I know of that are devoted to the rela tionship between respiration and crop productivity, although this relationship is more and more frequently being studied with both experiment and simulation. Crop physiology books do cover respiration, of course, but the treatment is limited. The purpose of the present book is to fill this void in the literature. The approach taken here is to use the popular two-component functional model whereby respiration is divided between growth and maintenance comp...
Farming Action: Catchment Reaction
Dryland farming is a major export earner for many temperate-zone countries, yet it continues to degrade a country's natural resources. Effects are not restricted to the land - changes in water quality can reduce the potential uses of water and bring about catastrophic changes in both freshwater and coastal ecosystems. Farming Action: Catchment Reaction provides a comprehensive technical overview of the relationships between dryland farming systems and catchment land and water quality in Australia, and integrates it in a whole system framework. It deals with the issues in terms of people, pointers, processes and prediction as it discusses social aspects of developing and implementing research to improve dryland farming systems in catchment management programs, indicators of catchment health, and the processes which determine the impact of the farming action on the catchment response. It concludes by considering the adequacy of our ability to use this process knowledge in models to predict the effect of dryland farming on catchment condition.
Modelling of Extensive Livestock Production Systems
ILCA's policy towards modelling in the framework of livestock systems research; models and the analysis of productivity in extensive livestock systems in Israel; prediction of actual primary production under nitrogen limitation; behavioural aspects of intake at pasture in ruminats; prediction of feed intake in ruminats; relationships between chemical composition and voluntary intake of feeds by sheep and cattle; the effect of breeding season duration on production and feed consumption in grazing beef cattle in the south of Israel; adaptation of the Kahan model for a mixed farming system in southeastern Asia; appraisal of the ILCA cattle herd dynamics model using data from pastoral systems in mali and kenya; moddeling pastoral livestock production: problems and prospect; analysis of management impact in semi-arid agropastoral systems; modelling economic outcomes of livestock production systems; selection of sheep husbandy techologies under single and multiple goal constraints; types, purposes and users of models; problems related do intake.
Climate-Smart and Resilient Food Systems and Security
Zusammenfassung: This contributed book, as a part of a series of CERES publications, contributes to the scientific debate about the interlinkages between climate change, environment, and food systems. It highlights the opportunities to accelerate the transformation of such systems within the perspective of sustainable, inclusive, and climate-smart practices. Most chapters are based on empirical research particularly done in vulnerable and resource-constrained countries from the Global South (such as India, Kenya, Pakistan, South Asia, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam) and provide policy-oriented inputs and recommendations to guide change processes at multiple scales. This project has implications for research, innovation, and policy design.
Modelling of Agricultural Production
Potential crop production: physiological principles, crop phenology and dry matter distribution, a simple model of potential crop production. Crop production as determined by moisture availability: potential evapotranspiration, the water balance of soil, the relation between water use and crop production, a simple model of water-limited productio. Crop production as determined by nutrient availability: nutrient demand and fertilizer requirements. The collection and treatment of basic data: meteorological data, soil data, plant data. Crooping systems: crop calendar, workability and labour requirements, low-input farming, weeds, pests and diseases. Land improvement. Application of agronomic information. Computer models of cro production: a FORTAN model of crop production.
Ecology and Behaviour of the African Buffalo
Over the past 30 years or so, research effort in behaviour and ecology has progressed from simple documentation of the habits or habitats of differ ent species to asking more searching questions about the adaptiveness of the patterns of behaviour observed; moved from documenting simply what occurs, to trying to understand why. Increasingly, studies of behav iour or ecology explore the function of particular responses or patterns of behaviour in individuals or populations - looking for the adaptiveness that has led to the adoption of such patterns either at a proximate level (what environmental circumstances have favoured the adoption of some particular strategy or response from within the an...
Conserving Land, Protecting Water
The degradation of land and water resources as a result of agricultural activity has had an enormous impact on human societies and economies. It is predicted that, by 2025, most developing countries will face physical or economic water scarcity, compounded by land degradation. In order to alleviate this problem, an advanced understanding of the state of our water resources and the relationships between land use, water management and social systems is needed. Conserving Land, Protecting Water includes an overview of global patterns of land and water degradation and discusses new insights drawn from successful case studies on reversing soil and water degradation and their impact on food and environmental security.
