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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic disease leading to severe visual deterioration and impairment of daily life. Two types of AMD are distinguished: Wet or neovascular AMD and dry AMD. Dry AMD is characterized by drusen (small yellowish retinal deposits) and atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE); causal treatment is currently not available. Wet AMD is marked by abnormal growth of blood vessels within the macular area (spot of sharpest sight) leading to fluid accumulation (edema) and retinal bleeding as well as scar formation. If the disease is not treated severe irreversible visual impairment will result. Treatment with new agents that are administered intravitreally and act against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are now available, impeding disease progression in many cases. The present book gives a comprehensive overview about all aspects of AMD, useful for affected patients and interested readers and covers causes, epidemiological facts, diagnostics (emphasizing the topic optical coherence tomography-OCT) and treatment strategies of the disease, based on extensive literature research.
Optical Coherence Tomography represents the ultimate noninvasive ocular imaging technique although being in the field for over two-decades. This book encompasses both medical and technical developments and recent achievements. Here, the authors cover the field of application from the anterior to the posterior ocular segments (Part I) and present a comprehensive review on the development of OCT. Important developments towards clinical applications are covered in Part II, ranging from the adaptive optics to the integration on a slit-lamp, and passing through new structural and functional information extraction from OCT data. The book is intended to be informative, coherent and comprehensive for both the medical and technical communities and aims at easing the communication between the two fields and bridging the gap between the two scientific communities.
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Development and Application of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)" that was published in Applied Sciences
Focusing on the sociolinguistic history of Germanic languages, the current volume challenges the traditional teleological approach of language historiography. The 30 contributions present alternative histories of ten ‘big’ as well as ‘small’ Germanic languages and varieties in the last 300 years. Topics covered in this book include language variation and change and the politics of language contact and choice, seen against the background of standardization processes of written and oral text genres and from the viewpoint of larger sections of the population.
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