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The choice of a material for a certain application is made taking into account its properties. If, for example one would like to produce a table, a hard material is needed to guarantee the stability of the product, but the material should not be too hard so that manufacturing is still as easy as possible - in this simple example wood might be the material of choice. When coming to more advanced applications the required properties are becoming more complex and the manufacturer`s desire is to tailor the properties of the material to fit the needs. To let this dream come true, insights into the microstructure of materials is crucial to finally control the properties of the materials because the microstructure determines its properties. Written by leading scientists in the field of microstructural design of engineering materials, this book focuses on the evolution and behavior of granular microstructures of various advanced materials during plastic deformation and treatment at elevated temperatures. These topics provide essential background and practical information for materials scientists, metallurgists and solid state physicists.
In this vivid and comprehensible introduction to materials science, the author expands the modern concepts of metal physics to formulate basic theory applicable to other engineering materials, such as ceramics and polymers. Written for engineering students and working engineers with little previous knowledge of solid-state physics, this textbook enables the reader to study more specialized and fundamental literature of materials science. Dozens of illustrative photographs, many of them transmission electron microscopy images, plus line drawings, aid developing a firm appreciation of this complex topic. Hard-to-grasp terms such as "textures" are lucidly explained - not only the phenomenon itself, but also its consequences for the material properties. This excellent book makes materials science more transparent.
A major goal of materials science is to create new engineering materials and optimize their cost and performance. Understanding how adjacent materials behave at their borders is an essential part of this process. Grain boundaries are the longest-known crystal defects, but although they were discovered in the mid-eighteenth century, until quite rece
This series of books, which is published at the rate of about one per year, addresses fundamental problems in materials science. The contents cover a broad range of topics from small clusters of atoms to engineering materials and involve chemistry, physics, and engineering, with length scales ranging from Ångstroms up to millimeters. The emphasis is on basic science rather than on applications. Each book focuses on a single area of current interest and brings together leading experts to give an up-to-date discussion of their work and the work of others. Each article contains enough references that the interested reader can access the relevant literature. Thanks are given to the Center for F...
We use numbers here, there and everywhere -- Numbers are some of my favorite things -- Linking numbers : operations on numbers -- Words and numbers : being careful -- Writing really big and really small numbers, and those in-between -- Touching all bases, at times with logs -- Numbers need to be exact, but it ain't necessarily so -- The different types of numbers have not evolved, but our understanding of them has -- Really, really big and really, really small numbers -- The whole truth of whole numbers -- The math of the digital world : modular arithmetic (or using number leftovers) -- The math of what will be : progressions of growth and decay -- Untangling the worlds of probability and statistics -- The math of what might be : probability - what are the odds? -- The math of what was : statistics - the good, the bad, and the evil -- The math of big data -- The math of optimization, ranking, voting, and allocation -- The math of gaming -- The math of risk.
This book presents the results of the Priority Programme "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Metallic High-Temperature Materials". The programme has been supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) over a period of 6 years from 1991 till 1997. During this time, 45 projects in laboratories in universities and other research institutions were sponsored. The investigations were focused on a limited number of specific groups of materials in order to ensure sufficient overlap between research projects of different researchers on one and the same material. The materials selected were: - light metal PM-aluminium and titanium alloys - ferritic chromium and austenitic alloy 800 steels - nickel-base superalloys with emphasis on monocrystalline materials - nickel- and iron-base oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS)superalloys.
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The topic of diffusion science becomes more and more important: this collection of timely papers is divided into seven chapters. The first three are dedicated to macroscopic and microscopic theories of diffusion.