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Tax Policy, Leverage and Macroeconomic Stability
Risks to macroeconomic stability posed by excessive private leverage are significantly amplified by tax distortions. ‘Debt bias’ (tax provisions favoring finance by debt rather than equity) has increased leverage in both the household and corporate sectors, and is now widely recognized as a significant macroeconomic concern. This paper presents new evidence of the extent of debt bias, including estimates for banks and non-bank financial institutions both before and after the global financial crisis. It presents policy options to alleviate debt bias, and assesses their effectiveness. The paper finds that thin capitalization rules restricting interest deductibility have only partially been able to address debt bias, but that an allowance for corporate equity has generally proved effective. The paper concludes that debt bias should feature prominently in countries’ tax reform plans in the coming years.
Tax Policy Handbook
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Technical Assistanceon Tax Policy
This paper reviews recent experience of technical assistance on tax policy provided by the Fiscal Affairs Department to a selected but diversified group of countries that differ both in their geographical locations and in the nature of their economies. The review finds in the technical assistance advice both common themes applicable to all countries and special elements designed to address issues unique to a specific country, or a subset of countries. It also attempts to assess, to the extent possible, the policy impacts of such advice.
Issues in International Taxation and the Role of the IMF
In the discussion of the Board work program on June 3, 2013, it was urged that the Fund be more present in current discussions of international tax issues. This note reviews key issues and initiatives in this area, and sets out a work plan that is focused on the Fund‘s mandate and macroeconomic expertise and that complements the work of other institutions, notably the OECD.
How to Establish a Tax Policy Unit
How to Establish a Tax Policy Unit
Tax Policy for Developing Countries
Discusses important tax policy issues facing developing countries today, provides a review of the role of tax incentives, and identifies some policy challenges posed by the globalization of the world economy. Draws on country cases.
Fund-Supported Programs, Fiscal Policy, and Income Distribution
This is the third in a group of three papers dealing with various aspects of Fund-supported adjustment programs.
Tax Policy Handbook
Edited by Parthasarathi Shome, this Handbook was written primarily for economists who are responsible for analyzing and evaluating economic policies of developing countries at an applied level, and who would benefit from a comprehensive discussion of the concepts, principles, and prevailing issues of taxation.
