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Endosomes
Endosomes are a heterogeneous population of endocytic vesicles and tubules that have captivated the interest of biologists for many years, partly due to their important cellular functions and partly due to their intriguing nature and dynamics. Endosomes represent a fascinating interconnected network of thousands of vesicles that transport various cargoes, mainly proteins and lipids, to distant cellular destinations. How endosomes function, what co-ordinates the molecular determinants at each step of their dynamic life cycle and what their biological and medical relevance is, are among the questions addressed in this book.
The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Disease, Volume 4
This final volume in the series focuses on malfunctions of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and their role in human disease. The editors and authors represent unmatched expertise, comprising virtually all the top scientists in the field, including the pioneers of protein degradation research. From the contents: * Ubiquitin and cancer * Ubiquitin and liver cancer * Muscle atrophy * Aggresomes and human disease * Parkin and neurodegeneration * Chronic neurodegenerative diseases * Parkinson's disease * Ubiquitin and viruses * Druggability of the ubiquitin-proteasome system Required reading for molecular and cell biologists, as well as physiologists with an interest in the topic.
Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-Relative SUMO in DNA Damage Response
DNA damage response (DDR) is a term that includes a variety of highly sophisticated mechanisms that cells have evolved in safeguarding the genome from the deleterious consequences of DNA damage. It is estimated that every single cell receives tens of thousands of DNA lesions per day. Failure of DDR to properly respond to DNA damage leads to stem cell dysfunction, accelerated ageing, various degenerative diseases or cancer. The sole function of DDR is to recognize diverse DNA lesions, signal their presence, activate cell cycle arrest and finally recruit specific DNA repair proteins to fix the DNA damage and thus prevent genomic instability. DDR is composed of hundreds of spatiotemporally regu...
Supramolecular Structure and Function 9
The book is based on International Summer Schools on Biophysics held in Croatia which, contrary to other workshops centered mainly on one topic or technique, has very broad scope providing advanced training in areas related to biophysics. This volume presents papers in the field of biophysics for studying biological phenomena by using physical methods and/or concepts. Its scope should be of interest for students at doctoral or postdoctoral level and to experienced scientists.
The genome e-volution
"We have made great progress, but we are still vulnerable and our common commitment to fight global health challenges is not yet strong enough. Despite our knowledge, despite new technologies, without concentrated and global efforts we are limited in our success. Today we see it clearly." The sequencing of the human genome at the beginning of this millennium marked a new era in biomedicine. Nanotechnology and robotics have created innovative tools and powerful diagnostic techniques. Major therapeutic advances have enabled us to control HIV, and more tailor-made therapies are being implemented to treat cancer. Nonetheless huge challenges remain, not only in the field of cancer, but also with ...
Conjugation and Deconjugation of Ubiquitin Family Modifiers
† 1 a a 4 † 17 10 15 ubiquitin; and of 16 VCP 17 18 20 33 34 34 36 p domain. 41 42 42 43 P U 42 47 binding. C. elegans 16 In 21 22 50 51 52 53 13 and UFD 4 10 of Cdc48. 18 30 of Ufd2. COFACTORS 47 23 13 47 47 47 72 15 15 and of Spt23 p90. Ufd2 and Cdc48. In C. elegans 74 16 75 75 76 76 Ufd2 25 54 54 7 56 p47 7 7 80 30 30 81 82 82 but and CD3 26 DUB COFACTORS 30 UFD3 OTU1 4 Cdc48 30 4 OLE1. 15 27 87 REFERENCES 30 REGULATION OF UBIQUITIN MONOUBIQUITINATION UBIQUITINATION 1 32 7 S) d 33 12 13 14 15 18 19 15 20 21 35 15 15 27 15 31 32 31 33 36 monoubiquitination of pol pol 34 37 34 monoubiquitination. 20 35 trans 3 15 REFERENCES by monoubiquitination. Mol Cell; 2009. UBIQUITIN LIGASE ACTIVITY BY Nedd 1 2 of 41 5 6 8 fold. 9 13 14 edd 43 18 18 K M and k 18 22 23 K M 24 25 K M 26 edd 45 18 27 K M K D 18 25 . 8 10 M 21 28 MECHANISM AND REGULATION OF CRLs 34 41 34 edd 47 48 S. pombe 49 51 p27 and I by SCF and SCF 57 58 59 60 CTD CTD CTD CTD in Cul5 CTD CTD CTD 60 18
Cbl Proteins
Cbl proteins are important ubiquitous regulators of various biological processes ranging from defense against infection to bone formation, and the list of these processes grows continuously. There are three Cbl-family proteins in mammals, which exhibit disparate biological effects. Furthermore, all metazoans appear to have Cbl-like proteins playing important regulatory roles in these organisms ranging from round worms and flies to amphibians and birds. One of the interesting peculiarities of the Cbl-mediated regulation is its dependence on multiple molecular mechanisms, which makes this regulation complex and difficult to comprehend. In spite of the considerable progress in the understanding...
Vesicle Trafficking in Cancer
Endocytosis and vesicular trafficking determine the landscape of the cell’s exterior, namely the density of surface molecules, such as receptors for growth factors and cytokines, adhesion molecules like integrins and cadherins, and a plethora of nutrient carriers. Hence, endocytosis is involved in signal transduction, cell adhesion and migration, as well as metabolism. To exploit these fundamental processes, malignancies subtly and multiply manipulate the endocytosis and the subsequent trafficking of protein cargoes. This is achieved by simultaneously altering the cytoskeleton, vesicle budding, cargo sorting and intracellular degradation. By highlighting the underlying molecular processes and concentrating on specific examples, this book reviews the recent emergence of derailed endocytosis and vesicular trafficking as a landmark of cancer. In-depth understanding of this common feature of tumors might lead the way to drug-induced strategies, able to rectify intracellular trafficking in cancer.
Glioblastoma: State of the Art and Future Perspectives
Glioblastoma is an aggressive incurable primary tumor of the central nervous system. Median overall survival is in the range of 1.5 years even in selected clinical trials populations. Many features contribute to this therapeutic challenge including high intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity, resistance to therapy, migration and invasion, immunosuppression. With the access of novel highthroughput technologies, significant progress has been made to understand molecular and immunological signatures underlying the pathology of glioblastoma. Clinical trial designs have shifted from investigating broad “one-for-all” treatment approaches to precision oncology designs. The collection of contributions in this book aim at providing researchers and clinicians an update on different aspects of glioblastoma, i.e. progress in basic, preclinical and clinical research.
Advances in TNF Family Research
The biennial TNF-family conferences have been held over the past 20 years, from the time that TNF was cloned. These meetings have followed the enormous progress in this field. Much is now known about the members of the TNF ligand and receptor families, their signaling proteins, mechanisms of action and cellular functions. This volume is the proceedings of the 12th TNF International Conference, held in April 2009. This conference focuses on the physiological, pathophysiological, and medical significance of these important regulators. Sessions at the meeting specifically address their involvement in immunity, development, apoptosis, autoimmunity, cancer, and infection, the normal function and pathology of the neuronal system, as well as major unresolved questions about their mechanisms of action.
