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Methods of Surface Analysis
Methods of Surface Analysis deals with the determination of the composition of surfaces and the identification of species attached to the surface. The text applies methods of surface analysis to obtain a composition depth profile after various stages of ion etching or sputtering. The composition at the solid—solid interface is revealed by systematically removing atomic planes until the interface of interest is reached, in which the investigator can then determine its composition. The book reviews the effect of ion etching on the results obtained by any method of surface analysis including the effect of the rate of etching, incident energy of the bombarding ion, the properties of the solid,...
Molten Salts
Several state-of-the-art applications of molten salts are presented, such as metal-molten salt systems, room temperature glass formation, and room temperature melts. Several recent examples of applications highlight the importance of molten salts in various industries (batteries, pyrochemical reprocessing of nuclear fuel, synthesis and catalysis). The basic concepts of the structure, dynamics, electrochemistry, interfacial and thermodynamic properties are detailed and relevant experimental methods described. Such fundamental concepts are essential for an in-depth understanding of the physicochemical properties of molten salts in general, including metal-molten salts, glass forming and low temperature melts. Experimental methods for investigating structural, dynamical, electrochemical thermodynamical and interfacial properties are detailed, as also are techniques for data collection and analysis. Scientists, engineers and technologists will find the volume a valuable reference source covering a wide spectrum of fundamental concepts and modern technologies.
Characterization of Solid Surfaces
Until comparatively recently, trace analysis techniques were in general directed toward the determination of impurities in bulk materials. Methods were developed for very high relative sensitivity, and the values determined were average values. Sampling procedures were devised which eliminated the so-called sampling error. However, in the last decade or so, a number of developments have shown that, for many purposes, the distribution of defects within a material can confer important new properties on the material. Perhaps the most striking example of this is given by semiconductors; a whole new industry has emerged in barely twenty years based entirely on the controlled distribu tion of defe...
Ionic Liquids
As Chairmen of the Electrochemistry and Molten Salts Discussion Groups of the Chemical Society, it gave us great pleasure to welcome the confer ence Highly Concentrated Aqueous Solutions and Molten Salts, which our Groups cosponsored, at St. John's College, Oxford in July 1978. During the meeting the editors of the present volume, and those giving lectures, came to the conclusion that the verbal presentations deserved to be expanded and to be more widely disseminated in a permanent form. Thus the articles which appear in this volume were commissioned and prepared. A greater exchange of information between aqueous chemists and those concerned with molten salts is to be welcomed and to this en...
Handbook of Semiconductor Electrodeposition
Aiming to bridge the gap in understanding between professional electrochemists and hard-core semiconductor physicists and material scientists, this book examines the science and technology of semiconductor electrode-positioning. Summarizing state-of-the-art information concerning a wide variety of semiconductors, it reviews fundamental electrodeposition concepts and terminology.
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry SIMS V
This volume contains the proceedings of the Fifth International Confer ence on Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS V), held at the Capitol Holiday Inn, Washington, DC, USA, from September 30 to October 4, 1985. The conference was the fifth in a series of conferences held bienni ally. Previous conferences were held in Miinster (1977), Stanford (1979), Budapest (1981), and Osaka (1983). SIMS V was organized by Dr. R.J. Colton of the Nayal Research Lab oratory and Dr. D.S. Simons of the National Bureau of Standards un der the auspices of the International Organizing Committee chaired by Prof. A. Benninghoven of the Universitat Miinster. Dr. Richard F.K. Herzog served as the honorary chairman ...
Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry 42
This volume analyzes and summarizes recent developments in several key interfacial electrochemical systems in the areas of fuel cell electrocatatalysis, electrosynthesis and electrodeposition. The six Chapters are written by internationally recognized experts in these areas and address both fundamental and practical aspects of several existing or emerging key electrochemical technologies. The Chapter by R. Adzic, N. Marinkovic and M. Vukmirovic provides a lucid and authoritative treatment of the electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of Ruthenium, a key element for the devel- ment of efficient electrodes for polymer electrolyte (PEM) fuel cells. Starting from fundamental surface science studi...
Reactor Materials
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Thermochemistry of Alloys
The thermochemistry of alloys has interested generations of scientists and the subject was treated in classical textbooks long ago, e.g. by Hume-Rothery, by Wagner, and by Kubaschewski and Alcock. Nevertheless, the appearance of new materials and the desire to improve traditional materials and metallurgical processes has kept up demand for more information on the thermodynamics of these systems. The advent of computing power has created new opportunities to tie various aspects and properties together, such as phase diagrams and thermodynamic functions, that are in principle thermodynamically inter related but were too cumbersome to work out before. The computer has also been a powerful tool ...
