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A proposal for a new framework for fostering collaborations across disciplines, addressing both theory and practical applications. Cross-disciplinary collaboration increasingly characterizes today's science and engineering research. The problems and opportunities facing society do not come neatly sorted by discipline. Difficulties arise when researchers from disciplines as different as engineering and the humanities work together and find that they speak largely different languages. This book explores a new framework for fostering collaborations among existing disciplines and expertise communities. The framework unites two ideas to emerge from recent work in STS: trading zones, in which scie...
A Professor at the End of Time tells one professor’s story in the context of the rapid reconfiguration of higher education going on now, and analyzes what the job included before the supernova of technological innovation, the general influx of less-well-prepared students, and the diminution of state and federal support wrought wholesale changes on the profession.
This volume contains the papers presented at the 5th International Conference on Discovery Science (DS 2002) held at the Mövenpick Hotel, Lub ̈eck, G- many, November 24-26, 2002. The conference was supported by CorpoBase, DFKI GmbH, and JessenLenz. The conference was collocated with the 13th International Conference on - gorithmic Learning Theory (ALT 2002). Both conferences were held in parallel and shared?ve invited talks as well as all social events. The combination of ALT 2002 and DS 2002 allowed for a comprehensive treatment of recent de- lopments in computational learning theory and machine learning - some of the cornerstones of discovery science. In response to the call for papers 76 submissions were received. The program committee selected 17 submissions as regular papers and 29 submissions as poster presentations of which 27 have been submitted for publication. This selection was based on clarity, signi?cance, and originality, as well as on relevance to the rapidly evolving?eld of discovery science.
A description of mental mechanisms that explain how emotions influence thought, from everyday decision making to scientific discovery and religious belief, and an analysis of when emotion can contribute to good reasoning.
Machine learning is the computational study of algorithms that improve performance based on experience, and this book covers the basic issues of artificial intelligence. Individual sections introduce the basic concepts and problems in machine learning, describe algorithms, discuss adaptions of the learning methods to more complex problem-solving tasks and much more.
At the turn of the 21st century, the most valuable commodity in society is knowledge--particularly new knowledge that may give a culture, company, or laboratory an adaptive advantage. Knowledge about the cognitive processes that lead to discovery and invention can enhance the probability of making valuable new discoveries and inventions. Such knowledge needs to be made widely available to ensure that no particular interest group "corners the market" on techno-scientific creativity. Knowledge can also facilitate the development of business strategies and social policies based on a genuine understanding of the creative process. Furthermore, through an understanding of principles underlying the...
The Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing (PSB 2005) is an international, multidisciplinary conference for the presentation and discussion of current research in the theory and application of computational methods in problems of biological significance. This latest volume in the prestigious conference series contains the contributions of top researchers from the US, the Asia-Pacific region and around the world. Sections are devoted to databases, algorithms, interfaces, visualization, modeling and other computational methods, as applied to biological problems, with emphasis on applications in data-rich areas of molecular biology. The book is an essential source of ideas, discoveries and references for academics in biocomputing, bioinformatics researchers and computer scientists.
David Klahr suggests that we now know enough about cognition--and hence about everyday thinking--to advance our understanding of scientific thinking.
This volume features the complete text of all regular papers, posters, and summaries of symposia presented at the 18th annual meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. Papers have been loosely grouped by topic, and an author index is provided in the back. In hopes of facilitating searches of this work, an electronic index on the Internet's World Wide Web is provided. Titles, authors, and summaries of all the papers published here have been placed in an online database which may be freely searched by anyone. You can reach the Web site at: http://www.cse.ucsd.edu/events/cogsci96/proceedings. You may view the table of contents for this volume on the LEA Web site at: http://www.erlbaum.com.
This well-documented book divides the process of constructing new problem-solving strategies into two parts: discovery of the new strategy, and its generalization to new contexts. By using a trial-by-trial analysis, the authors are able to identify the exact trial on which the new strategy is first used, the circumstances that lead to the discovery, and the generalization of the strategy beyond its initial use. These observations disconfirm popular stereotypes of the discovery process and provide important insights into the nature of long-term learning and strategy discovery.