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There is a saying "he is a person who can charm the birds from the trees." This might well be applied to Kurt Benirschke. Indeed, it describes both his warm personality and his intimate interaction with nature. He might be considered a modern adept of the Greek and Roman Stoic school of philosophy, which taught an understanding of man as integrated into nature in its totality. The right way to live is according to nature, with nature as part of it. This at the same time means humanity, and Kurt Benirschke impresses us not only as an outstanding scientist, but also as a humanist who has had a lifelong love affair with nature. The foundation of Springer-Verlag New York in 1964 offered a great ...
Recent advances in the power of inversion methods, the accuracy of acoustic field prediction codes, and the speed of digital computers have made the full field inversion of ocean and seismic parameters on a large scale a practical possibility. These methods exploit amplitude and phase information detected on hydrophone/geophone arrays, thereby extending traditional inversion schemes based on time of flight measurements. Full field inversion methods provide environmental information by minimising the mismatch between measured and predicted acoustic fields through a global search of possible environmental parameters. Full Field Inversion Methods in Ocean and Seismo-Acoustics is the formal record of a conference held in Italy in June 1994, sponsored by NATO SACLANT Undersea Research Centre. It includes papers by NATO specialists and others. Topics covered include: · speed and accuracy of acoustic field prediction codes · signal processing strategies · global inversion algorithms · search spaces of environmental parameters · environmental stochastic limitations · special purpose computer architectures · measurement geometries · source and receiving sensor technologies.
During the past decade there has been a renewed interest in active sonar systems at both low and medium frequencies. More recently this interest has been extended to very high frequencies in shallow water. Reverberation often limits the detection performance of these systems, and there is a need to understand the underlying mechanisms that cause the scattering. With more emphasis being given to reverberation phenomena in the Scientific Program of Work at the SACLANT Undersea Research Centre, it was considered an opportune time to host a meeting, bringing together scientists from NATO countries to foster cross-disciplinary dialogue and generate ideas for new research directions. Consequently ...
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The limiting influence of the environment on sonar has long been recognised as a major challenge to science and technology. As the area of interest shifts towards the lit toral, environmental influences become dominant both in time and space. The manyfold challenges encompass prediction, measurement, assessment and adaptive responses to maximize the effectiveness of systems. Although MCM and ASW activities are dom inated in different ways and scales by the environment, both warfare areas have had to consider the significantly changing requirements posed by operations in the littoraL The fundamental scientific issues involved in developing models relating acoustics to the environment are matc...
This is the sequel to our book Acoustics of Layered Media I: Plane and Quasi Plane Waves (Springer Ser. Wave Phenom. , Vol. 5). Taken together, these two monographs present a systematic exposition of the theory of sound propagation in inhomogeneous media, which starts from first principles and includes recent results. More advanced topics are considered in this second volume. Although the theory of wave beams and fields of localized sources is more sophisticated than the theory of quasi-plane waves, it embraces a much wider range of interesting problems that are also important for applications. We exploit the results of Acoustics of Layered Media I, as long as it is expedient to consider sou...
Understanding and constructively using natural sound in the ocean has become of prime importance with the shift of emphasis to protecting the environment and exercising responsible global resource management which has followed the end of the Cold War. Especially now that we realise that marine mammals and other inhabitants of the oceans are threatened by our acoustic pollution of their environment, the use of natural sound as a non-intrusive remote sensing probe has become particularly germane. This was the first meeting on the subject since the fall of Soviet-Western barriers, and the proceedings include significant work from premier researchers in the former Soviet Union. It was also the f...