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The Puritans of seventeenth century England have been blamed for everything from the English civil war to the rise of capitalism. But who were the Puritans of Stuart England? Were they apostles of liberty, who fled from persecution to the New World? Or were they intolerant fanatics, intent on bringing godliness to Stuart England? This study provides a clear narrative of the rise and fall of the Puritans across the troubled seventeenth century. Their story is placed in context by analytical chapters, which describe what the Puritans believed and how they organised their religious and social life. Quoting many contemporary sources, including diaries, plays and sermons, this is a vivid and comprehensible account, drawing on the most recent scholarship. Readers will find this book an indispensable guide, not only to the religious history of seventeenth century England, but also to its political and social history.
The position of English monarchs as supreme governors of the Church of England profoundly affected early modern politics and religion. This innovative book explores how tensions in church-state relations created by Henry VIII's Reformation continued to influence relationships between the crown, Parliament and common law during the Restoration, a distinct phase in England's 'long Reformation'. Debates about the powers of kings and parliaments, the treatment of Dissenters and emerging concepts of toleration were viewed through a Reformation prism where legitimacy depended on godly status. This book discusses how the institutional, legal and ideological framework of supremacy perpetuated the language of godly kingship after 1660 and how supremacy was complicated by the ambivalent Tudor legacy. It was manipulated by not only Anglicans, but also tolerant kings and intolerant parliaments, Catholics, Dissenters and radicals like Thomas Hobbes. Invented to uphold the religious and political establishments, supremacy paradoxically ended up subverting them.
The 17th century was a dynamic period characterized by huge political and social changes, including the Civil War, the execution of Charles I, the Commonwealth and the Restoration. The Britain of 1714 was recognizably more modern than it was in 1603. At the heart of these changes was religion and the search for an acceptable religious settlement, which stimulated the Pilgrim Fathers to leave to settle America, the Popish plot and the Glorious Revolution in which James II was kicked off the throne. This book looks at both the private aspects of human beliefs and practices and also institutional religion, investigating the growing competition between rival versions of Christianity and the growing expectation that individuals should be allowed to worship as they saw fit.
Robert Spurr (1611-1703) was born in England and died in Dorchester, Massachusetts. He and Anne (ca. 1624-1712), his wife, had seven children in Dorchcester. Their sixth child, Thomas (1661-1738) and his son Thomas (1687-1767) spent their lives in Massachusetts. Michael Spurr (1723-1774), son of Thomas (1687-1767) and Elizabeth Kingsley, was born in Stoughton, Mass. and died at Round Hill, Annapolis County, Nova Scotia. Michael married Jane Shippee in Stoughton, Mass in 1746. In 1760, the family of eight (three boys and three girls) migrated to Annapolis County, N.S. where four more children came to the family. Michael, Jane and their descendants remained in Canada and include Spurr, Barteaux, Harris, Hennigar, Lent, Potter, Rice, Vroom and related families.
This is the first extensive account of royal propaganda in England between 1689 and 1702. It demonstrates that the regime of William III did not rely upon legal or constitutional rhetoric as it attempted to legitimate itself after the Glorious Revolution, but rather used a protestant, providential and biblically-based language of 'courtly reformation'. This language presented the king as a divinely-protected godly magistrate who could both defend the true church against its popish enemies, and restore the original piety and virtue of the elect English nation. Concentrating upon a range of hitherto understudied sources - especially sermons and public prayers - the book demonstrates the vigour with which these ideas were broadcast by an imaginative group of propagandists enabling the king to cope with central political difficulties - the need to attract support for wars with France and the need to work with Parliament.
First full account of the vital struggle for Church and State in England after the accession of George I.
This new edition of the classic reference British Planemakers from 1700 has been completely rewritten, with over 200 pages of new information. Online research tools haven enabled much greater insight into family connections of planemakers, family and business continuities, and the discovery of previously unknown planemakers. Confirmation that planemakers were working in the late 1600s, in fact, inspired the new edition’s title, Goodman’s British Planemakers. The biographic directory covers more than 2400 planemakers and includes 2250 maker's mark illustrations. Like its predecessors, the new edition traces the development of British planemaking, but far more extensively, now confirming that planemakers moved around the country to a much greater extent than previously realized, and identifying several new family planemaking dynasties. The book includes chapters on the planemaking trade and its practices, descriptions and illustrations of the many types of planes and their evolution, and provincial planemaking, as well as sections on apprentice records, trade marks, and a complete index. An absolutely invaluable reference.