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This book is an insightful study of the transition economy, using the little-known case of Belarus, a country “trapped in transition” for almost three decades. The model of state capitalism, so widely internationally known, has different specific roots, metrics and instruments in Belarus. The book outlines several pitfalls facing by the Belarusian economy, all of which lead to long-term economic recession in Belarus.
This book is a unique study of a transition economy, using the little-known case of Belarus, a country “trapped in transition” from state capitalism to market economy. The first of its kind, this book explains how decisions are made by economic authorities and businesses in this developing country. It proves that, in order to boost economic reforms, the Belarusian government needs to rely on the support of the high-income public.
This book is a unique study of a transition economy, using the little-known case of Belarus, a country "trapped in transition" from state capitalism to market economy. The first of its kind, this book explains how decisions are made by economic authorities and businesses in this developing country. It proves that, in order to boost economic reforms, the Belarusian government needs to rely on the support of the high-income public.
This book is simultaneously a scientific study, a practical guide and diplomatic memoir about the new era in China’s development, which began in 2013 with Xi Jinping coming to power. It explores the modern Chinese experience of the political centralization of power, the fight against corruption, strengthening the country’s defense system, reinforcing the country’s diplomacy, the political rapprochement between China and Russia, and exacerbation of relations with the United States. It also considers issues of China’s adjusting its policy of reforms and its openness to a new era, transforming inefficient state-owned enterprises, building an IT-focused country, and overcoming phobias in the construction of the “Belt and Road” initiative related to the “debt trap” and the “trade deficit”, as well as the role of the Huawei Corporation. A separate section of the book is devoted to Belarus-China relations, exploring the reasons for the political rapprochement between these two very different countries.
"When it comes to taxation, administrative costs to the tax authorities and compliance costs to the taxpayers arise. A lot of studies have already been conducted in order to shed more light on such “hidden costs” of taxation. Particularly in the field of transfer pricing, administrative and compliance costs are assumed to be quite high due to the obligation of computing and documenting an arm’s length price for each intra-group-transaction. Apparently, European policy makers have also become aware of this problem since the European Commission’s report released in 2001 (“Company Taxation in the Internal Market”) recommends targeted measures in the short run and comprehensive ones ...
The term “crisis management” was applied to business only after the publication of the monograph “Crisis Management: Planning for the Inevitable” by Steven Fink in 1986. Since then, this term has turned from a journalistic cliche into a scientific concept, and its concept, theory, and methodology have been further developed.It is the turning point in the meaning of the word “crisis” that indicates the possibility of changing the situation by making decisions that contribute to changing the vector of development of events from destruction to recovery and further development. From the above, the general definition of the term “crisis management” follows as a process of saving the system from its destructive effects. The activity of the crisis manager is always temporary and stops as a result of a favorable overcoming of the crisis or vice versa—the destruction of the system. Therefore, the criterion for the success of a manager in emergency crisis management is effectiveness as an absolute measure of the presence or absence of a result—it either exists or does not exist.
Global Trade in the Emerging Business Environment explores global trade dynamics in the emerging business environment. Globalization, technological advancements, Industry 4.0, China’s Belt and Road Initiative, and the COVID-19 pandemic are changing the global trade ecosystem. Companies and countries need to evaluate these rapid changes and adjust their respective business strategies and policy formulations. This book discusses such strategies and how firms and countries can reposition themselves within the current environment.
Since 1995, Freedom House’s Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of democratic change from Central Europe to Eurasia, pinpointing the region’s greatest reform opportunities and challenges for the benefit of policymakers, researchers, journalists, and democracy advocates alike. Covering twenty-nine countries, Nations in Transit provides comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of electoral process, civil society, independent media, national and local democratic governance, judicial framework, and corruption. Nations in Transit 2014 evaluates developments in these areas from January 1 to December 31, 2013.
Although much of the world still lives today, as always, under dictatorship, the behaviour of these regimes and of their leaders often appears irrational and mysterious. In The Political Economy of Dictatorship, Ronald Wintrobe uses rational choice theory to model dictatorships: their strategies for accumulating power, the constraints on their behavior, and why they are often more popular than is commonly accepted. The book explores both the politics and the economics of dictatorships, and the interaction between them. The questions addressed include: What determines the repressiveness of a regime? Can political authoritarianism be 'good' for the economy? After the fall, who should be held responsible for crimes against human rights? The book contains many applications, including chapters on Nazi Germany, Soviet Communism, South Africa under apartheid, the ancient Roman Empire and Pinochet's Chile. It also provides a guide to the policies which should be followed by the democracies towards dictatorships.