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The Monastic Constitutions of Lanfranc, archbishop of Canterbury between 1070 and 1089, has long been recognized as one of the most important historical sources for medieval monastic life. In this major new revision of Dom David Knowles's classic editions of 1951 and 1967, C. N. L. Brookeincorporates the historical scholarship of the last generation to offer further insight into and illumination of Lanfranc and the monastic world of the eleventh century.The Monastic Constitutions comprise a liturgical directory, a description of the functions of the leading officials of a monastery, and other fundamental regulations. Composed around 1077, they were intended for Lanfranc's own cathedral at Canterbury, for his nephew Paul's abbey of St Albans - andfor any other houses which might observe them. The structure of life in a monastery of the traditional monasticism of the eleventh century has never been so clearly laid out as in this book, but the work also has its puzzles, which Christopher Brooke in this new edition seeks to elucidate.
Throughout its history, persecutions and martyrdom have been Christianity's faithful companions. Remarkably enough, Christians have always valued martyrdom in a positive way. This positive evaluation of martyrdom most certainly has to do with the absolute, uncompromising nature of it. The martyrs' lives and deaths represent the most uncompromising of answers to the divine call. The focus of the contributions in this volume is not in the first place on reconstructing the historical events of the martyr's life and death "wie es eigentlich gewesen ist," but on the discourse generated by this event as mediated in texts. More than a Memory aims to explore the reciprocal relationship between this ...