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Ecosystem services and social equity
Key messages Stakeholders have different roles in the co-production of ecosystem services, e.g. they can be direct or indirect managers or beneficiaries. There are mismatches between those who manage and those who depend on or benefit from ecosystem services. Different forms of inequities are tied to these roles and can threaten the resilience of socio-ecological systems. Power asymmetries influence stakeholders’ roles in relation to ecosystem services, including their participation in ecosystem services governance. Insights into roles, power and inequities can be useful for designing participatory governance mechanisms.
Adaptation in the Anthropocene
Key messagesEcosystems provide people with services that enable adaptation to climate change, which we refer to here as 'adaptation services'.But adaptation services do not flow automatically: some input from people is needed.We identified five types of mechanisms that support the production of adaptation services.These mechanisms are related to: (i) multifunctional and traditional ecosystem management, (ii) proactive management of transformed ecosystems, (iii) use of novel adaptation services, (iv) collective ecosystem management, and (v) appreciating, using and valuing adaptation services.Understanding these mechanisms can lead to an improved flow of adaptation services and more options for livelihoods and well-being under climate change.This InfoBrief summarizes the findings of a paper published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society Series B (Lavorel et al. 2020).
Climate Change Impacts on Tropical Forests in Central America
The loss of biodiversity is a major environmental problem in nearly every terrestrial ecosystem on Earth. This loss is accelerating driven by climate change, as well as by other causes including agricultural exploitation, fragmentation and degradation triggered by land use changes. The crucial issue under debate is the impact on the welfare of current and future population, and the role of humans in the exploitation of natural resources. This is of particular importance in Central America, which it is amongst the richest and most threatened biodiversity regions on the Earth, and where the loss of ecosystems strongly affects its socio-economic vulnerability. This book addresses the impacts of...
Restoring Forests and Trees for Sustainable Development
Restoring Forests and Trees for Sustainable Development utilizes a multidisciplinary perspective to analyze and discuss the various opportunities and challenges of restoring tree and forest cover. It examines forest restoration commitments, policies and programs, their implementation at different scales and contexts, and how forest restoration helps to mitigate environmental, societal, and cultural challenges. This book explores how restoration affects forest ecosystem services, contributes to biodiversity conservation, and generates benefits and synergies, while recognizing the considerable costs, tradeoffs, and variable feasibility of its implementation.
A joint stocktaking of CGIAR work on forest and landscape restoration
Despite the high level of political engagement and the wide range of organizations involved in restoration projects from local to global levels, beyond some success stories, restoration is not happening at scale. To address this issue, three CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs) – Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA); Policies, Institutions and Markets (PIM) and Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE) – decided to bring together their expertise in a joint stocktaking of CGIAR work on restoration. This publication illustrates with concrete examples the powerful contribution of forest and landscape restoration to the achievement of most, if not all the 17 sustainable development goals. It can be used to support the design of future restoration activities, programs and projects. We hope that this document will help upscale restoration efforts and deliver enhanced impact from our CGIAR research.
REDD+ Crossroads Post Paris: Politics, Lessons and Interplays
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "REDD+ Crossroads Post Paris: Politics, Lessons and Interplays" that was published in Forests
Springer Handbook of Microscopy
This book features reviews by leading experts on the methods and applications of modern forms of microscopy. The recent awards of Nobel Prizes awarded for super-resolution optical microscopy and cryo-electron microscopy have demonstrated the rich scientific opportunities for research in novel microscopies. Earlier Nobel Prizes for electron microscopy (the instrument itself and applications to biology), scanning probe microscopy and holography are a reminder of the central role of microscopy in modern science, from the study of nanostructures in materials science, physics and chemistry to structural biology. Separate chapters are devoted to confocal, fluorescent and related novel optical micr...
