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This volume gathers the cutting edge of new research on foreign direct investment and host country economic performance, and presents the most sophisticated critiques of current and past inquiries. It presents new results, concludes with an analysis of the implications for contemporary policy debates, and proposed new avenues for future research.
This book gathers together thirteen articles that deal with the internationalization strategies of firms, effects of foreign investment on host countries and host country policies vis-a-vis foreign multinationals. It illustrates how the behaviour of multinational firms and their effects on the host country are likely to differ between countries in a systematic manner, depending on the host country's economic policies and market conditions and provides a new approach on how to look at multinational firms.
A vast new literature on the sources of economic growth has now accumulated. This book critically reviews the most significant works in this field and summarizes what is known today about the sources of economic growth. The first part discusses the most important theoretical models that have been used in modern growth theory as well as methodological issues in productivity measurement. The second part examines the long-term record on productivity among Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, considers the sources of growth among them with particular attention to the role of education, investigates convergence at the industry level among them, and examines the productivity slowdown of the 1970s. The third part looks at the sources of growth among non-OECD countries. Each chapter emphasizes the factors that appear to be most important in explaining growth performance.
This collection of original articles looks at the convergence hypothesis, which asserts that since the Second World War, industrial countries were growing increasingly homogeneous in terms of productivity, technology, and per capita incomes. The book examines patterns displayed by individual industries within countries as well as the aggregate economies, influences that underlie the process of convergence, and the role that convergence has played and promises to play in the future. Contributors include: Moses Abramovitz, Alice M. Amsden, Magnus Blomstrom, David Dollar, Takashi Hikino, Gregory Ingram, William Lazonick, Frank Lichtenberg, Robert E. Lipsey, Angus Maddison, Gavin Wright, and Mario Zejan.
This paper examines whether rivalry in host country markets may force multinational films to increase the technology transfer to their foreign affiliates. Such technology flows should be interesting from the perspective of the host country and its firms, since they would increase the potential for "spillovers". Using detailed (unpublished) industry data from Mexican manufacturing industry we find that indicators for local competition are positively related to the technology imports of foreign owned affiliates. The effects appear to be strong in consumer goods industries, which suggest that foreign multinationals are especially sensitive to the local market environment when barriers to entry in the form of complex technology or high capital requirements are relatively low.
What are the links between the impact of increasing globalization and the advent of the knowledge economy on the spatial distribution of economic activity? How can we explain the paradox of growing trans-nationalization of the production of goods and services and the tendency for certain kinds of activity–particularly knowledge intensive activities - to be concentrated or clustered in one place? In this changing environment how do firms make decisions about location, and the development and deployment of their distinctive capabilities? These are some of the important questions addressed in this volume by a team of leading international scholars looking at these dynamics in broad scope. The...
This study examines NACA's organization in the light of Alfred D. Chandler's Strategy and Structure. It analyzes the agency's administration. NACA's strategy of maximizing existing technology and its committee's structure were the key elements in its failure to develop jet propulsion in the early 1940s. We will focus first on NACA and its organization. The second chapter will describe jet propulsion, particularly the acquisition of a Whittle engine from England and General Arnold 's role in keeping NACA out of the development of the Whittle engine in the United States. The third chapter will concentrate on the reasons that combined and led to the difficulties of NACA in the mid-forties and the 1950s. That chapter will look at the rise of the aviation industry, the criticism it expressed against NACA, and finally NACA's strategy as one of the causes of failure.
The conventional view of globalization sees it as a process driven by giant firms from the Triad regions of North America, Europe, and Japan, shaping the world in their own image. This book contests such a view, describing the extraordinary success of a handful of multinationals from the "Periphery" in globalizing their operations extremely rapidly. Focusing on Acer, the Taiwanese IT company; the Hong Leong hotel group of Singapore; Ispat International in steel; Cemex of Mexico in cement; and Li and Fung from Hong Kong in contract manufacturing, Mathews demonstrates that these firms have been able to utilize strategies of international linkage and leverage to accelerate their global coverage. He contends that they are pioneers of a new kind of global firm, indicators that the global business civilization being created in the 21st century is like to be pluralistic and diverse, offering unprecedented opportunities for firms that know how to enmesh themselves in global networks.
Examines FDR and the New Deal era from the perspectives of social and cultural history, political science, popular culture, and political history.
A collection of papers on the determinants and consequences of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the real and financial sectors of industrial countries. The text sheds new light on the determinants of FDI, in particular the role of governmental incentives. Another main topic is the role of FDI in the east European accession countries. It provides insights into the question of whether EU enlargement will have consequences for capital flows into those countries. Since the start of European monetary union, the discussion on cross-border mergers in the European banking industry has intensified. The final part of the book contains contributions to this debate.