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Publishes papers reporting on research and development in optical science and engineering and the practical applications of known optical science, engineering, and technology.
This book provides the most recent overview of media systems in Europe. It explores new political, economic and technological environments and the challenges they pose to democracies and informed citizens. It also examines the new illiberal environment that has quickly embraced certain European states and its impact on media systems, considering the sources and possible consequences of these challenges for media industries and media professionals. Part I examines the evolving role of public service media in a comparative study of Western, Southern and Central Europe, whilst Part II ventures into Europe’s periphery, where media continues to be utilised by the state in its quest for power. The book also provides an insight into the role of the European Union in preserving the independence and neutrality of public service media. It will be useful to students and researchers of political communication and international and comparative media, as well as democracy and populism.
The Bounds of Logic presents a new philosophical theory of the scope and nature of logic based on critical analysis of the principles underlying modern Tarskian logic and inspired by mathematical and linguistic developments. Extracting central philosophical ideas from Tarski's early work in semantics, Sher questions whether these are fully realized by the standard first-order system. The answer lays the foundation for a new, broader conception of logic exemplified in numerous recent mathematical and linguistic writings. By generally characterizing logical terms, Sher establishes a fundamental result in semantics. Her development of the notion of logicality for quantifiers of many variables a...
"Można dociekać odpowiedzi na to pytanie, ale to bezowocne. Lepiej się z tym zmierzyć. W losach Krzysztofa Materny roi się od zdarzeń zapierających dech w piersiach. A także od opowieści, które rozśmieszają. Albo i nie. Autor po prostu robi swoje. Jest sobą, po swojemu o tym opowiada. Dlaczego syn znajomych Edwarda Gierka niespodziewanie uścisnął dłoń dwustu górnikom w katowickim Spodku? Jakie okropne zdarzenie do tego stopnia rozsierdziło Zdzisława Maklakiewicza, że wytoczył proces barmanowi − i wygrał go? Który niezdany egzamin stanął Krzysztofowi Maternie na przeszkodzie w ukończeniu studiów aktorskich? Jak czuje się w sytuacji gwiazdora ktoś, kto nie za bardzo chce gwiazdorzyć? Czy mamy jeszcze jakieś pytania? "
The human nervous system evolved for the control of complex physical actions. Yet, we are far from understanding the human capacity for complex abstract thought. One theory suggests that both abstract and concrete thinking is based on a single perceptual mechanism grounded in physical experience. Asking the question posed by psychologist Daniel Casasanto whether "abstract concepts are like dinosaur feathers" we investigate the evolutionary processes that allowed humans to deal with abstract phenomena by putting them in concrete terms. After all, we frequently resort to analogies, similes or metaphors when describing the intangible. We may say "put that into words" as if words were containers...
This exciting new text reveals both the evolution of this programming paradigm since its inception and the impressively broad scope of current research in the field. The contributors to this book are all leading world experts in Logic Programming, and they deal with both theoretical and practical issues. They address such diverse topics as: computational molecular biology, machine learning, mobile computing, multi-agent systems, planning, numerical computing and dynamical systems, database systems, an alternative to the "formulas as types" approach, program semantics and analysis, and natural language processing. XXXXXXX Neuer Text Logic Programming was founded 25 years ago. This exciting book reveals both the evolution of this programming paradigm and its impressively broad scope of current research. The contributions by leading computer scientists deal with both theoretical and practical issues. They address diverse topics such as: computational molecular biology, machine learning, mobile computing, multi-agent systems, numerical computing and dynamical systems, database systems, program semantics, natural language processing, and promising future directions.