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The use of electronic devices in medical care is one of the main targets of precision medicine. The field of bioelectronic medicine uses electronic devices to diagnose or treat diseases and disorders in a complementary or alternative way to chemical drugs. It has been more than sixty years since the world’s first implantable battery-driven cardiac pacemaker was implanted here in Sweden. Since then, electronic therapies have been implemented for neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, sensory and motor function restoration, and many more. However, electronics can also be used for delivery of conventional drugs in a more controlled, localized, and specific fashion. Th...
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important oxidant, used in various fields of industry, such as paper manufacturing, production of polymers, detergents, and cosmetics. Considering that the molecule degrades only to H2O and O2, it is regarded as a green chemical. Unfortunately, the incumbent method of H2O2 synthesis, based on anthraquinone oxidation, although efficient, is not environmentally friendly, as it requires fossil fuels and significant energy input. Therefore, there are efforts underway to reduce the ecological impact of hydrogen peroxide production. Some of the most promising approaches involve catalytic reduction of O2 to H2O2 in an aqueous environment. This can be coupled with wate...
Voltage-gated ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that open or close their gates when the voltage across the membrane is changed. They underlie the electrical activity that enables the heart to pump blood and the brain to receive and send signals. Changes in expression, distribution, and functional properties of voltage-gated ion channels can lead to diseases, such as epilepsy, cardiac arrhythmia, and pain-related disorders. Drugs that modulate the function of voltage-gated ion channels control these diseases in some patients, but the existing drugs do not adequately help all patients, and some also have severe side effects. Resin acids are common components of pine resins, with ...
Intrinsically conducting polymers forms a category of doped conjugated polymers that can conduct electricity. Since their discovery in the late 1970s, they have been widely applied in many fields, ranging from optoelectronic devices to biosensors. The most common type of conducting polymers is poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), or PEDOT. PEDOT has been popularly used as electrodes for solar cells or light-emitting diodes, as channels for organic electrochemical transistors, and as p-type legs for organic thermoelectric generators. Although many studies have been dedicated to PEDOT-based materials, there has been a lack of a unified model to describe their optical properties across different s...
Dieses Buch erzählt die Lebensgeschichte des Oldrich Stránský und damit auch ein Stück tschechischer Geschichte: Stránský kam 1921 in der nordböhmischen Stadt Most als Sohn einer jüdischen Familie zur Welt, seine Jugend bis zu seiner Deportation verlebte er in Ceský Brod in Südböhmen. Ab 1941 durchlief er insgesamt fünf Konzentrationslager. Während des Holocausts verlor er seine Eltern, seinen Bruder und viele Verwandte. Nach der Heimkehr musste er sich eine neue Heimstatt aufbauen und war dann als Soldat bei der Vertreibung der Deutschen eingesetzt. Politisch engagierte er sich in der Sozialdemokratie, lehnte aber nach dem Sieg der Kommunisten im Jahr 1948 einen Eintritt in die KPTsch ab. Nach 1989 bemühte sich Stránský um eine Entschädigung von NS-Opfern in Tschechien und anderswo.
The signaling dynamics in neuronal networks includes processes ranging from lifelong neuromodulation to direct synaptic neurotransmission. In chemical synapses, the time delay it takes to pass a signal from one neuron to the next lasts for less than a millisecond. At the post-synaptic neuron, further signaling is either up- or down-regulated, dependent on the specific neurotransmitter and receptor. While this up- and down-regulation of signals usually runs perfectly well and enables complex performance, even a minor dysfunction of this signaling system can cause major complications, in the shape of neurological disorders. The field of organic bioelectronics has the ability to interface neuro...
Thermoelectric materials are scrutinized as energy materials and sensing materials. Indeed, they convert thermal energy into electrical energy. In addition, those materials are actively sensitive to a temperature modification through the generation of an electric signal. Organic thermoelectric (OTE) materials are complementary to inorganic thermoelectric materials, as they possess unique properties such as solution processing, ionic conductivity, flexibility, and softness. While thin-film OTE materials have been widely studied because they are easily manufactured by various coating techniques, little is done in the creation of three-dimensional morphologies of OTE materials; which is importa...