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Operads in Algebra, Topology and Physics
Operads are mathematical devices which describe algebraic structures of many varieties and in various categories. From their beginnings in the 1960s, they have developed to encompass such areas as combinatorics, knot theory, moduli spaces, string field theory and deformation quantization.
Deformation Theory of Algebras and Their Diagrams
This book brings together both the classical and current aspects of deformation theory. The presentation is mostly self-contained, assuming only basic knowledge of commutative algebra, homological algebra and category theory. In the interest of readability, some technically complicated proofs have been omitted when a suitable reference was available. The relation between the uniform continuity of algebraic maps and topologized tensor products is explained in detail, however, as this subject does not seem to be commonly known and the literature is scarce. The exposition begins by recalling Gerstenhaber's classical theory for associative algebras. The focus then shifts to a homotopy-invariant setup of Maurer-Cartan moduli spaces. As an application, Kontsevich's approach to deformation quantization of Poisson manifolds is reviewed. Then, after a brief introduction to operads, a strongly homotopy Lie algebra governing deformations of (diagrams of) algebras of a given type is described, followed by examples and generalizations.
Geometric Methods in Physics
This book presents a selection of papers based on the XXXIII Białowieża Workshop on Geometric Methods in Physics, 2014. The Białowieża Workshops are among the most important meetings in the field and attract researchers from both mathematics and physics. The articles gathered here are mathematically rigorous and have important physical implications, addressing the application of geometry in classical and quantum physics. Despite their long tradition, the workshops remain at the cutting edge of ongoing research. For the last several years, each Białowieża Workshop has been followed by a School on Geometry and Physics, where advanced lectures for graduate students and young researchers are presented; some of the lectures are reproduced here. The unique atmosphere of the workshop and school is enhanced by its venue, framed by the natural beauty of the Białowieża forest in eastern Poland. The volume will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in mathematical physics, theoretical physics and mathematmtics.
Algebraic Operads
In many areas of mathematics some “higher operations” are arising. These havebecome so important that several research projects refer to such expressions. Higher operationsform new types of algebras. The key to understanding and comparing them, to creating invariants of their action is operad theory. This is a point of view that is 40 years old in algebraic topology, but the new trend is its appearance in several other areas, such as algebraic geometry, mathematical physics, differential geometry, and combinatorics. The present volume is the first comprehensive and systematic approach to algebraic operads. An operad is an algebraic device that serves to study all kinds of algebras (assoc...
Homotopy of Operads and Grothendieck-Teichmuller Groups
The Grothendieck–Teichmüller group was defined by Drinfeld in quantum group theory with insights coming from the Grothendieck program in Galois theory. The ultimate goal of this book is to explain that this group has a topological interpretation as a group of homotopy automorphisms associated to the operad of little 2-discs, which is an object used to model commutative homotopy structures in topology. This volume gives a comprehensive survey on the algebraic aspects of this subject. The book explains the definition of an operad in a general context, reviews the definition of the little discs operads, and explains the definition of the Grothendieck–Teichmüller group from the viewpoint o...
Topics in Noncommutative Geometry
Luis Santalo Winter Schools are organized yearly by the Mathematics Department and the Santalo Mathematical Research Institute of the School of Exact and Natural Sciences of the University of Buenos Aires (FCEN). This volume contains the proceedings of the third Luis Santalo Winter School which was devoted to noncommutative geometry and held at FCEN July 26-August 6, 2010. Topics in this volume concern noncommutative geometry in a broad sense, encompassing various mathematical and physical theories that incorporate geometric ideas to the study of noncommutative phenomena. It explores connections with several areas including algebra, analysis, geometry, topology and mathematical physics. Burs...
Cubical Homotopy Theory
A modern, example-driven introduction to cubical diagrams and related topics such as homotopy limits and cosimplicial spaces.
Tel Aviv Topology Conference: Rothenberg Festschrift
This volume presents the proceedings of the Tel Aviv International Topology Conference held during the Special Topology Program at Tel Aviv University. The book is dedicated to Professor Mel Rothenberg on the occasion of his 65th birthday. His contributions to topology are well known-from the early work on triangulations to numerous papers on transformation groups and on geometric and analytic aspects of torsion theory. Current research related to those contributions are reported in this book. Coverage is included on the following topics: vanishing theorems for the Dirac operator, the theory of Reidemeister torsion (including infinite dimensional flat bundles), Nobikov-Shubin invariants of manifolds, topology of group actions, Lusternik-Schnirelman theory for closed 1-forms, finite type invariants of links and 3-manifolds, equivariant cobordisms, equivariant orientations and Thom isomorphisms, and more.
Large Deviations for Stochastic Processes
The book is devoted to the results on large deviations for a class of stochastic processes. Following an introduction and overview, the material is presented in three parts. Part 1 gives necessary and sufficient conditions for exponential tightness that are analogous to conditions for tightness in the theory of weak convergence. Part 2 focuses on Markov processes in metric spaces. For a sequence of such processes, convergence of Fleming's logarithmically transformed nonlinear semigroups is shown to imply the large deviation principle in a manner analogous to the use of convergence of linear semigroups in weak convergence. Viscosity solution methods provide applicable conditions for the necessary convergence. Part 3 discusses methods for verifying the comparison principle for viscosity solutions and applies the general theory to obtain a variety of new and known results on large deviations for Markov processes. In examples concerning infinite dimensional state spaces, new comparison principles are derived for a class of Hamilton-Jacobi equations in Hilbert spaces and in spaces of probability measures.
Finite Dimensional Algebras and Quantum Groups
"The interplay between finite dimensional algebras and Lie theory dates back many years. In more recent times, these interrelations have become even more strikingly apparent. This text combines, for the first time in book form, the theories of finite dimensional algebras and quantum groups. More precisely, it investigates the Ringel-Hall algebra realization for the positive part of a quantum enveloping algebra associated with a symmetrizable Cartan matrix and it looks closely at the Beilinson-Lusztig-MacPherson realization for the entire quantum $\mathfrak{gl}_n$. The book begins with the two realizations of generalized Cartan matrices, namely, the graph realization and the root datum realiz...
