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This book focuses on the triadic relationship between electoral candidates and the two other poles of the delegation and accountability triangle—political parties and voters. The chapters rely mostly on the Belgian Candidate Survey (CCS project), gathering about 2000 candidates belonging to 15 parties represented in Parliament and running for the 2014 federal and regional elections, and the authors’ conclusions serve at answering broad political science questions linked with elite recruitment, party and candidate electoral strategies, personalisation, party cohesion, and descriptive and substantive representation. Its multilevel semi-open electoral system, atypical federal structure, extreme party system fragmentation and volatility make Belgium an exceptionally rich but complex case that offers findings highly relevant to research on candidates in other democracies.
Probation officers (POs) supervise citizens serving a sanction within the community under conditions restricting their liberty. This thesis proposes two empirical studies exploring the nature and conditions of officer-offender interactions during public service delivery in Belgium.
This book takes stock of Belgium’s exceptional and – for some foreign observers –schizophrenic position in the political world and explains its idiosyncrasy to a non-Belgian audience. Offering a broad and comprehensive analysis of Belgian politics, the guiding questions throughout each of the chapters of this book are: Is Belgium a political enigma, and why? Along which axes is Belgium "exceptional" compared to other countries? And what insights does a comparative study of Belgian politics have to offer? The book therefore provides a critical assessment of how Belgian politics "stands out" internationally, both in good and bad ways – including consociationalism, federalism, democratic innovations, Euroscepticism, government formation, gender equality, among others – and which factors can explain Belgium’s exceptional position. Based on cutting-edge research findings, the book will be of wide interest to scholars and students of Belgian politics, European Politics and Comparative politics. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Digitalization is not only a new research subject for political science, but a transformative force for the discipline in terms of teaching and learning as well as research methods and publishing. This volume provides the first account of the influence of digitalization on the discipline of political science including contributions from 20 different countries. It presents a regional stocktaking of the challenges and opportunities of digitalization in most world regions.
Die Kunstvereine des 19. Jahrhunderts entwickelten einen bestimmten Kunstgeschmack, der von der Kunstgeschichte bislang kaum gewürdigt wurde. Ein kommerziell bedingter Popularitätsanspruch bei Ankäufen oder eine Neigung zum Regionalismus und zur Reproduktion waren mitunter die Gründe. Gleichwohl brachten Kunstvereine typische Sujets hervor, mit denen sich die Bürger identifizieren konnten. So förderten sie zunächst Historienbilder mit einer Vorliebe für sterbende Herrscherfiguren, um dann kleinformatige Landschaften, Genres und Tierstücke durchzusetzen. Überspitzt lässt sich sagen: In Deutschland fand die Revolution in den Bildern statt. Sie begann im öffentlichen Gebäude und endete an der Wohnzimmerwand. Kunstvereine boten für diesen Prozess den Handlungsrahmen. Doch die gesellschaftliche Emanzipation durch Kunst erfolgte in Richtung Aristokratie und Wirtschaftsadel, so dass sich das neue bürgerliche Weltbild und schließlich auch dessen Bilder von deren Wertmaßstäben betroffen zeigten.