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The notion of Fuzziness stands as one of the really new concepts that have recently enriched the world of Science. Science grows not only through technical and formal advances on one side and useful applications on the other side, but also as consequence of the introduction and assimilation of new concepts in its corpus. These, in turn, produce new developments and applications. And this is what Fuzziness, one of the few new concepts arisen in the XX Century, has been doing so far. This book aims at paying homage to Professor Lotfi A. Zadeh, the “father of fuzzy logic” and also at giving credit to his exceptional work and personality. In a way, this is reflected in the variety of contrib...
This book provides an overview of many of the dramatic recent developments in the fields of astronomy, cosmology and fundamental physics. Topics include observations of the structure in the cosmic background radiation, evidence for an accelerating Universe, the extraordinary concordance in the fundamental parameters of the Universe coming from these and other diverse observations, the search for dark matter candidates, evidence for neutrino oscillations, space experiments on fundamental physics, and discoveries of extrasolar planets. This book will be useful for researchers and graduate students who wish to have a broad overview of the current developments in these fields.
This book contains the proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Data Analysis and Processing held in Cefalu' (Palermo, ITALY) on September 23-25 1987. The aim of this Conference, now at its fourth edition, was to give a general view of the actual research in the area of methods and systems for achieving artificial vision as well as to have an up-dated information of the current activity in Europe. A number of invited speakers presented overviews of statistical classification problems and methods, non conventional archi tectures, mathematical morphology, robotic vision, analysis of range images in vision systems, pattern matching algorithms and astronomical data processing. Finally ...
The proceedings of the July 1989 Workshop contribute to the ongoing scientific debate on the best strategies of discovering the Higgs boson (and top quark). The papers are organized in five parts, covering theoretical issues, searches for light scalars, Higgs searches in hadronic collisions, Higgs searches in e +e -annihilation, and present experim
The Fourth International Workshop on New Worlds in Astroparticle Physics was the latest in the biennial series, held in Faro, Portugal. The program included both invited and contributed talks. Each of the sessions opened with a pedagogical overview of the current state of the respective field. The following topics were covered: cosmological parameters; neutrino physics and astrophysics; gravitational waves; beyond standard models: strings; cosmic rays: origin, propagation and interaction; matter under extreme conditions; supernovae and dark matter. The proceedings have been selected for coverage in: . OCo Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings). Contents: Overviews in Astroparticle Physics; Astroparticle Physics Beyond the Standard Model; Matter Under Extreme Conditions; Cosmic Rays; Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics; Gravitational Waves and Tests of General Relativity; Supernovae and Dark Matter. Readership: Graduate students and researchers in astroparticle physics."
In July 1992, over 300 astronomers attended the Third Tetons Summer School on the subject of `The Environment and Evolution of Galaxies'. This book presents 28 papers based on invited review talks and a panel discussion on `The Nature of High Redshift Objects'. The major themes include: the Interstellar and Intergalactic Medium, Galaxy Formation and Evolution, Cooling Flows, Quasars and Radiation Backgrounds, and Interactions between Galaxies/AGNs and their Environment. Recent advances with the ROSAT, COBE and Hubble Space Telescope are discussed, together with current theoretical developments. The tutorial nature of the papers make this book a valuable supplement for professional astonomers, graduate students, and senior undergraduates. As with previous Tetons conferences, this book provides both the current state of observational and theoretical research and material complementary to courses in extragalactic and interstellar astrophysics.
The exploration of the subnuclear world is done through increasingly complex experiments covering a wide range of energy and performed in a large variety of environments ranging from particle accelerators, underground detectors to satellites and the space laboratory. The achievement of these research programs calls for novel techniques, new materials and instrumentation to be used in detectors, often of large scale. Therefore, fundamental physics is at the forefront of technological advance and also leads to many applications. Among these, are the progresses from space experiments whose results allow the understanding of the cosmic environment, of the origin and evolution of the universe after the Big Bang.
This book contains recent theoretical innovations and a comprehensive collection of industrial applications in the emerging field of Soft Computing. Soft computing is a new form of artificial intelligence and it consists of four core methodologies: Fuzzy Computing, Neuro Computing, Evolutionary Computation, and Probabilistic Computing. These individual techniques are clearly complementary or synergistic rather than competitive. Therefore, it is a common practice to combine two or three methodologies when solving complex problems. Also the systematic fusion of soft computing and hard computing is a highly potential alternative to be considered. Soft computing methodologies are suitable for va...
The contributions in this volume provide a snapshot of the latest research and future plans for space-borne and ground-based experiments dedicated to the observation of the gamma-ray sky. The articles are authored by both seasoned veterans of the first dedicated gamma-ray missions, and young scientists entering the fascinating field of gamma-ray astrophysics.With the advent of gamma-ray instrumentation on spacecraft and large and sensitive ground-based detectors, new and unexpected phenomena have been discovered, such as gamma-ray bursts and gamma-ray emission from blazars. The immense vitality of the field in the current ?post-EGRET era? is witnessed by the numerous ongoing and forthcoming gamma-ray experiments documented here, complementary to various cosmic-ray, neutrino, astroparticle and X-ray projects.
This volume contains the Proceedings of the 17th Workshop of the INFN ELOISATRON Project on "QCD at 200 TeV", held at the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture, EMCSC, Erice, Trapani, Italy, in the period 11-17 June 1991. The new multi-Te V frontiers of Subnuclear Physics are no more beyond our imagination. A conceptual design of the highest energy (100+100 TeV) proton-proton collider -the ELOISA TRON -already exists. Intensive R & D studies are on the go to develop the most promising and innovative detector technologies for the highest energy and luminosity. QCD (Quantum Chromo-Dynamics) will be the theory to describe the expected Physics scenario of future S upercolliders. The pu...