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The nursing process generally is understood as key element of professional nursing care in Germany. This study follows this argument back to the introduction of the nursing process in the 1970s and 1980s. At that time, the German healthcare system underwent dramatic changes and economic reorganization, which can be understood as the emergence of the neoliberal rationale in Germany. The argument of cost explosion was used to restructure hospitals into enterprises that were to operate based on the logic of the market. Its cybernetic logic made the nursing process an ideal instrument to restructure nursing care. Perspectives of governmentality and critical accounting reveal the nursing process as an accounting tool which has made nursing calculable. And while German nurses valued its potential for professionalization, the findings suggest that a newly constituted accountable nursing vocation can instead be considered as de-professionalizing.
The Honest Leadership and Open Gov¿t. Act of 2007 amended the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (LDA). This report is in response to the LDA¿s requirement for an annual audit to: (1) determine the extent to which lobbyists can demonstrate compliance with the LDA by providing support for info. on their registrations and reports; (2) identify challenges and potential improvements to compliance for registered lobbyists; and (3) describe the efforts the U.S. Attorney¿s Office for D.C. has made to improve its enforcement of the LDA. Ekstrand reviewed a random sample of 134 lobbying disclosure reports filed from the in 2008 and 2009. He also sampled 100 reports listing contributions and 100 reports listing no contributions. Illustrations.
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Vor dem Hintergrund der im Rahmen der Expertenkommission der BGW Aufbruch Pflege 2006 erstellten fünf Positionspapiere zu basalen Themen der Altenpflege in Deutschland beleuchten Experten die gegenwärtige Situation und eine handlungsorientierte zukünftige Ausrichtung in den Sachgebieten.
Modern financial theories enable us to look at old problems in early American Republic historiography from new perspectives. Concepts such as information asymmetry, portfolio choice, and principal-agent dilemmas open up new scholarly vistas. Transcending the ongoing debates over the prevalence of either community or capitalism in early America, Wright offers fresh and compelling arguments that illuminate motivations for individual and collective actions, and brings agency back into the historical equation. Wright argues that the Colonial rebellion was in part sparked by destabilizing British monetary policy that threatened many with financial insolvency; that in areas without modern financial institutions and practices, dueling was a rational means of protecting one's creditworthiness; that the principle-agent problem led to the institutionalization of the U.S. Constitution's system of checks and balances; and that a lack of information and education induced women to shift from active business owners to passive investors. Economists, historians, and political scientists alike will be interested in this strikingly novel and compelling recasting of our nation's formative decades.
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