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Ultrasound Elastography
Elastography, the science of creating noninvasive images of mechanical characteristics of tissues, has been rapidly evolving in recent years. The advantage of this technique resides in the ability to rapidly detect and quantify the changes in the stiffness of soft tissues resulting from specific pathological or physiological processes. Ultrasound elastography is nowadays applied especially on the liver and breast, but the technique has been increasingly used for other tissues including the thyroid, lymph nodes, spleen, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, prostate, and the musculoskeletal and vascular systems. This book presents some of the applications of strain and shear-wave ultrasound elastography in hepatic, pancreatic, breast, and musculoskeletal conditions.
Elastography
Elastography is a recent application of conventional ultrasound evaluation with recognized benefits in the field of malignancy risk assessment and disease evolution prediction. This book examines the use of this technique in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcohol-induced liver disease, liver fibrosis, chronic hepatitis, portal hypertension, and hepatic tumors. It also discusses the use of elastography in the pediatric population for thyroid disease and hepatic, or musculoskeletal diseases. Nonabdominal elastography applications are also presented, such as in breast pathology, thyroid diffuse and nodular disease, renal chronic disease, parathyroid hyperplasia and chronic musculoskeletal impairment.
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with a prevalence of 20-30% worldwide is characterized by the buildup of fat in the liver (liver steatosis) with no or little alcohol consumption. Its principal causes are modern diet and occidental lifestyle. It is characterized by metabolic disturbances such as insulin resistance, inflammation, and oxidative stress, considered as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. There is no effective drug therapy for this disease; therefore, lifestyle interventions remain as the first-line treatment. Nevertheless, the adherence rates to this type of treatment are very low, so great efforts are focused at finding novel therapeutic agents for the prevention of hepatic steatosis and its progression. This book presents a systematic and comprehensive revision about NAFLD, highlighting its epidemiological and molecular aspects, as well as its prevention and treatment.
7th International Conference on Advancements of Medicine and Health Care through Technology
This book gathers the proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Advancements of Medicine and Health Care through Technology, held virtually on 13 – 15 October 2020, from Cluj-Napoca, Romania. It reports on both theoretical and practical developments fostering the use of cutting-edge technology in clinical settings, telemedicine, and biological research. Chapters mainly deal with medical devices, measurements and instrumentation, medical imaging and biological signal processing and health care information systems. Further topics include modeling, simulation and biomechanics, as well as innovative (bio-)materials for biomedical applications. The conference, as well as the realization of this book, was supported by the Romanian Society for Medical Engineering and Biological Technology.
Computational Approaches in Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Applications
Computational Approaches in Bioengineering, Volume 2—Computational Approaches in Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Applications is a comprehensive and up-to-date resource that provides a broad overview of the use of computational methods in the fields of biomaterials and biomedical engineering. Written by a team of experts in the field of biomaterials and biomedical engineering, it provides a wealth of information on the use of computational methods in these fields. Furthermore, it explores emerging trends and discusses future directions and associated limitations in the field. Through thorough exploration and explanation, it showcases the latest research and advancements, offering v...
Ancient and Traditional Foods, Plants, Herbs and Spices used in the Middle East
The use of different foods, herbs, and spices to treat or prevent disease has been recorded for thousands of years. Egyptian papyrus, hieroglyphics and ancient texts from the Middle East have described the cultivation and preparations of herbs and botanicals to “cure the sick.” There are even older records from China and India. Some ancient scripts describe the use of medicinal plants which have never been seen within European cultures. Indeed, all ancient civilizations have pictorial records of different foods, herbs, and spices being used for medical purposes. However, there are fundamental questions and issues pertaining to the scientific evidence for the use of these agents or their ...
Medical Imaging in Gastroenterology and Hepatology
This book, the proceedings of Falk Symposium 124, `Medical Imaging in Gastroenterology and Hepatology' (Progress in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Part I), held in Hannover, Germany, on September 28-29, 2001, aims to demonstrate the newest developments in the various imaging techniques for diagnosis and therapy, coupled with overviews by renowned international experts. In this book, up-to-date technologies in medical imaging and image documentation as well as the most modern transmission techniques should bridge the gap between futuristic research and everyday clinical practice.
Endoscopy
Endoscopic techniques are widely used for screening, diagnostic and therapeutic maneuvers in all groups of patients and for a large spectrum of complaints. The availability of basic iterations of endoscopic techniques made screening programs for various diseases viable in most parts of the world, while the advent of modern techniques opens new perspectives for rapid and correct diagnosis. Going beyond normal human vision, innovative techniques opened the prospect of in-situ pathology. Endoscopic ultrasound has made incredible progress in recent years. Reaching the smaller orifices by endoscopy was a major step forward in the surveillance of previously inaccessible lesions. Investigatory techniques were complemented by advances in therapy, with novel applications in many major areas of medicine.
Advanced Endoscopy
With the rapid development of modern medical technology, endoscopic technology has also achieved unprecedented development. Its fields cover examination, treatment, surgery, and even molecular imaging diagnosis. Endoscopy technology brings a minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment experience to patients. Invasive treatment and examination of digestive surgery has changed from large incisions to several Trocar holes, from surgery to endoscopic treatment, and from laparotomy to endoscopy or laparoscopy, which has changed the diagnosis treatment and management of digestive surgery, enhanced the recovery after surgery, and benefited the patients needing to undergo surgical procedures. It is for this reason that we plan to introduce the development of endoscopic and laparoscopic surgery in digestive surgery and enhanced rehabilitation medicine.
Biomedical Signal and Image Processing
This book examines the principles and applications of biomedical imaging and signals processing as well as the advances of multimodal imaging and multi-feature quantification for disease diagnosis and treatments in ophthalmology, stroke, chemotherapy, and neurology. Chapters cover such topics as image segmentation and registration, feature selection for classification, micro-texture characterization, simulation of tissue deformation, and high-level statistical analyses. The chapters also discuss different imaging modalities including MRI and EEG, confocal microscopy, and molecular imaging for improving the accuracy of disease detection via higher spatiotemporal resolution and better illustration. Overall, the book provides a comprehensive review of biomedical imaging and signal processing, informing readers with current and insightful knowledge in these fields.
