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The Ethics of Personalised Medicine
In recent times, the phrase ’personalised medicine’ has become the symbol of medical progress and a label for better health care in the future. However, a controversial debate has developed around whether these promises of better, more personal and more cost-efficient medicine are realistic. This book brings together leading researchers from across Europe and North America, from both normative and empirical disciplines, who take a more critical view of the often encountered hype associated with personalised medicine. Partially drawing on a four year collaborative research project funded by the German Ministry for Education and Research, the book presents a multidisciplinary debate on the current state of research on the ethical, legal and social implications of personalised medicine. At a time when future health care is a topic of much discussion, this book provides valuable policy recommendations for the way forward. This study will be of interest to researchers from various disciplines including philosophy, bioethics, law and social sciences.
Ethics and Professionalism in Healthcare
Recent social developments, such as demographic change, skill shortages and new medical technologies, have necessitated a transition in the traditional roles of health-care professions. New forms of division of labour and inter-professional health-care education are emerging while at the same time ethical challenges, such as corruption and conflicts of interest, have to be mastered. This book addresses historical, conceptual and empirical aspects of professionalism and inter-professionalism in health care from an international and interdisciplinary perspective. The work is divided into five sections: historical and societal aspects of health care professions; learning and teaching medical pr...
Human Medical Research
Medical research involving human subjects has contributed to considerable advancements in our knowledge, and to medical benefits. At the same time the development of new technologies as well as further globalisation of medical research raises questions that require the attention of researchers from a range of disciplines. This book gathers the contributions of researchers from nine different countries, who analyse recent developments in medical research from ethical, historical, legal and socio-cultural perspectives. In addition to reflections on innovations in science such as genetic databases and the concept of “targeted therapy” the book also includes analyses regarding the ethico-legal regulation of new technologies such as human tissue banking or the handling of genetic information potentially relevant for participants in medical research. Country and culture-specific aspects that are relevant to human medical research from a global perspective also play a part. The value of multi- and interdisciplinary analysis that includes the perspectives of scholars from normative and empirical disciplines is a shared premise of each contribution.
Machine Learning, Optimization, and Data Science
This book constitutes the post-conference proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Machine Learning, Optimization, and Data Science, LOD 2019, held in Siena, Italy, in September 2019. The 54 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 158 submissions. The papers cover topics in the field of machine learning, artificial intelligence, reinforcement learning, computational optimization and data science presenting a substantial array of ideas, technologies, algorithms, methods and applications.
Personen und ihre Vergangenheit
Obwohl der enge Zusammenhang von Gedächtnis, Erinnerung und personaler Identität in der philosophischen Diskussion spätestens seit John Locke weitestgehend unbestritten ist, bleiben die Strukturen und Bedingungen dieses Zusammenhangs zumeist unklar. Dieser Forschungslücke liegen drei Ursachen zugrunde: 1. Die mangelnde Differenzierung zwischen unterschiedlichen Formen von Gedächtnis und Erinnerung, 2. die einseitige Fokussierung auf den Aspekt der diachronen Identität und 3. die fehlende Integration empirischer Ergebnisse in die philosophische Theoriebildung. Der Autor entwickelt auf der Grundlage dieser Problemanalyse einen Ansatz, der die Bedeutung von Gedächtnis und Erinnerung als konstitutive Kriterien personaler Identität aufzuzeigen vermag. Durch die Differenzierung verschiedener Gedächtnisformen, die Charakterisierung der biographischen Identität im Sinne eines evaluativen Selbstverhältnisses von Personen sowie durch die eingehende Berücksichtigung der psychologischen Gedächtnisforschung entsteht eine empirisch fundierte philosophische Theorie zur Rolle von Gedächtnis und Erinnerung bei der Konstituierung und Aufrechterhaltung personaler Identität.
Genetics and the Law
Society has historically not taken a benign view of genetic disease. The laws permitting sterilization of the mentally re tarded~ and those proscribing consanguineous marriages are but two examples. Indeed as far back as the 5th-10th centuries, B.C.E., consanguineous unions were outlawed (Leviticus XVIII, 6). Case law has traditionally tended toward the conservative. It is reactive rather than directive, exerting its influence only after an individual or group has sustained injury and brought suit. In contrast, state legislatures have not been inhibited in enacting statutes. Many of their products can be characterized as hasty, unnecessary, ill-conceived, and based on the heart rather than t...
Marine Benthic Fauna of Chilean Patagonia
A guide to identify, classify, and describe benthic invertebrates that inhabit the Chilean Fjord Region.
