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Platelets in Myocardial Ischemia/reperfusion Injury
Abstract: Coronary artery disease, including myocardial infarction (MI), remains a leading cause of global mortality. Rapid reperfusion therapy is key to the improvement of patient outcome but contributes substantially to the final cardiac damage. This phenomenon is called "ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI)." The underlying mechanisms of IRI are complex and not fully understood. Contributing cellular and molecular mechanisms involve the formation of microthrombi, alterations in ion concentrations, pH shifts, dysregulation of osmolality, and, importantly, inflammation. Beyond their known action as drivers of the development of coronary plaques leading to MI, platelets have been identified as ...
Decreased Platelet Aggregation in Patients with Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis and TIPS Implantation
Abstract: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) implantation is an effective treatment of portal hypertension in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. However, some patients develop TIPS thrombosis with recurrence of portal hypertension. The role of platelets in TIPS thrombosis and the necessity of antiplatelet therapy is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to study platelet function in patients with liver cirrhosis prior to and after TIPS implantation. Platelet aggregation was tested in peripheral and portal-vein blood patient samples on the day (D) of TIPS implantation (D0), D4 and D30 following the procedure (platelet count above 100 × 103/μL, aspirin starting on D5) using whole-blood impedance aggregometry (WBIA) and light transmission aggregometry (LTA). In addition, surface platelet activation markers (P-selectin, activated GPIIb/IIIa) and platelet-neutrophil complexes (PNCs) were assessed by flow cytometry. Thrombin receptor activating peptide 6 (TRAP-6), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and arachidonic acid (AA) were used as agonists. Healthy subjects were included as controls. Agonist-induced platelet aggregation was reduced (WBIA: TRAP-6 p
Nanofluids
Introduction to nanofluids--their properties, synthesis, characterization, and applications Nanofluids are attracting a great deal of interest with their enormous potential to provide enhanced performance properties, particularly with respect to heat transfer. In response, this text takes you on a complete journey into the science and technology of nanofluids. The authors cover both the chemical and physical methods for synthesizing nanofluids, explaining the techniques for creating a stable suspension of nanoparticles. You get an overview of the existing models and experimental techniques used in studying nanofluids, alongside discussions of the challenges and problems associated with some ...
Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design
"Water and Wastewater Treatment, Protective Coating Systems to Zeolites"
Harmful Cyanobacteria
This outstanding volume provides an up-to-date overview of the advances in our knowledge of harmful cyanobacteria. An essential reference for all scientists and environmental professionals interested in cyanobacterial ecology and water management.
Osmosis Engineering
Osmosis Engineering provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art surrounding osmosis-based research and industrial applications. The book covers the underpinning theories, technology developments and commercial applications. Sections discuss innovative and advanced membranes and modules for osmosis separation processes (e.g., reverse osmosis, forward osmosis, pressure retarded osmosis, osmotic membrane distillation), different application of these osmosis separation processes for energy and water separation, such as the treatment of radioactive waste, oily wastewater and heavy metal removal, draw solutions, pretreatment technologies, fouling effects, the use of renewable energy driven osmotic processes, computational, environmental and economic studies, and more. Covers state-of-the-art osmotic engineering technologies and applications Presents multidisciplinary topics in engineered osmosis, including both fundamental and applied EO concepts Includes major challenges such as fouling mitigation, membrane development, pre-treatment and energy usage
Organic Pollutants
Organic pollutants cause several environmental problems if discharged to air or water body. The occurrence of organic pollutants in the ecosystem, their risk and removal methods are very important issues .This book deals with several aspects of organic pollutants, especially in the light of organic pollutants monitoring, risk assessment as well as the practical application of different techniques for removing it from the environment. The book is divided into three sections contains 9 chapters. The first section explains monitoring of organic pollutants in soil and water. The second section discusse its risk to human, soil and plants. The third section focuse on the different treatment process for the removal of organic pollutants.
