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In the modern era of scientific and technological development, the role of measurements and metrology in scientific research is becoming more and more important due to the increase in the testing of various products. Moreover, requirements for the accuracy and reliability of measurement results are increasing significantly and their ranges are expanding. Improving measurement accuracy allows us to identify the shortcomings of certain technological processes and either eliminate them or reduce their influence. This leads to better-quality products and contributes to saving energy and other resources, as well as raw materials and materials. This book discusses relevant aspects of practical metrological activity to establish traceability of measurements while increasing their accuracy and reliability. It also presents procedures for the calibration and testing of measuring instruments.
The goal of acceptable quality, cost, and time is a decisive challenge in every engineering development process. To be familiar with metrology requires choosing the best combination of techniques, standards, and tools to control a project from advanced simulations to final performance measurements and periodic inspections. This book contains a cluster of chapters from international academic authors who provide a meticulous way to discover the impacts of metrology in both theoretical and application fields. The approach is to discuss the key aspects of a selection of untraditional metrological topics, covering the analysis procedures and set of solutions obtained from experimental studies.
This book is devoted to current problems of artificial and computational intelligence including decision-making systems. Collecting, analysis, and processing information are the current directions of modern computer science. Development of new modern information and computer technologies for data analysis and processing in various fields of data mining and machine learning creates the conditions for increasing effectiveness of the information processing by both the decrease of time and the increase of accuracy of the data processing. The book contains of 54 science papers which include the results of research concerning the current directions in the fields of data mining, machine learning, a...
This is the third review in the series of reports on the state of the environment throughout the European continent, which also provides an assessment of how the main economic driving forces put pressure on the environment and identifies key areas where further action is needed. It was prepared for the meeting of European environmental ministers held under the auspices of the UN Economic Commission for Europe in Ukraine in May 2003. For the first time, this review covers the entire Russian Federation and the 11 other Eastern European, Caucasus and Central Asian (EECCA) states. Chapters consider: developments in socio-economic sectors such as energy, industry, agriculture, transport and tourism; prominent environmental problems such as climate change, ozone depletion, air pollution and soil degradation; cross-cutting issues of biological diversity and human health impacts; and policy management aspects.
Understanding greenhouse gas sources, emissions, measurements, and management is essential for capture, utilization, reduction, and storage of greenhouse gas, which plays a crucial role in issues such as global warming and climate change. Taking advantage of the authors' experience in greenhouse gases, this book discusses an overview of recently developed techniques, methods, and strategies: - A comprehensive source investigation of greenhouse gases that are emitted from hydrocarbon reservoirs, vehicle transportation, agricultural landscapes, farms, non-cattle confined buildings, and so on. - Recently developed detection and measurement techniques and methods such as photoacoustic spectroscopy, landfill-based carbon dioxide and methane measurement, and miniaturized mass spectrometer.
SOCCER WORLD 2011/12 contiene i profili di circa 400 formazioni con anagrafica di oltre 16.000 calciatori distribuiti in 30 campionati tra europei, nord-sudamericani ed asiatici aggiornati alla stagione 2011/12. I dati societari di tutti i club presenti, gli organici delle squadre minuziosamente aggiornati, le disposizioni in campo dei giocatori e tutti i principali movimenti di calciomercato, sono il punto di forza della pubblicazione. La completa analisi statistica della stagione internazionale 2010/11 grazie ai tabellini con i marcatori di tutte le partite giocate unita alle classifiche di Prima e Seconda Divisione di ogni campionato, promozioni e retrocessioni, le coppe nazionali, le presenze e le reti di tutti i giocatori e le statistiche delle ultime 10 stagioni per ogni campionato e le coppe internazionali rendono il tutto qualcosa di completo ed unico nel suo genere. Il tutto contribuisce a rendere questo volume forse il più originale per quanto concerne le squadre di calcio.
Information and computer technologies for data analysis and processing in various fields of data mining and machine learning generates the conditions for increasing the effectiveness of information processing by making it faster and more accurate. The book includes 49 scientific papers presenting the latest research in the fields of data mining, machine learning and decision-making. Divided into three sections: “Analysis and Modeling of Complex Systems and Processes”; “Theoretical and Applied Aspects of Decision-Making Systems”; and “Computational Intelligence and Inductive Modeling”, the book is of interest to scientists and developers in the field.
Russian culture and Slavic Studies maintain that Gogol is an incontrovertible Russian writer. To call him a Ukrainian is to encounter deep skepticism. Oddly, the grounds of his "Russianness" are rarely made explicit and even less often examined critically. This book address these problems. It shows, for example, how scholars assume that language and theme make Gogol Russian. How others call him Russian by denying Ukrainians status as a separate nation, while still others avoid explanations altogether by representing him as a typical Russian in a national culture and literature. This book challenges such paradigms, situating Gogol within an "imperial culture," where Russian and Ukrainian elit...