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The First World War changed the map of Europe forever. Empires collapsed, new countries were born, revolutions shocked and inspired the world. This tumult, sometimes referred to as 'the literary war', saw an extraordinary outpouring of writing. The conflict opened up a vista of possibilities and tragedies for poetic exploration, and at the same time poetry was a tool for manipulating the sentiments of the combatant peoples. In Germany alone during the first few months there were over a million poems of propaganda published. We think of war poets as pacifistic protestors, but that view has been created retrospectively. The verse of the time, particularly in the early years of the conflict-in ...
This volume deals with the origins and evolution of the Islamic institution of pious endowments in al-Andalus and provide us with a complete review of relevant issues such as the structure of economic property, the idea of charity, the concept of general or common interest and the social and juridical role of men of religion.
The problem of mass blindness today stems largely from cataract which accounts for a total of 40 million cataract victims in the world -- and it will worsen with the ageing population. Fortunately, this problem can be resolved with cost effective extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and posterior chamber implantation (PCI). This book highlights how the use of ECCE and PCI can restore normal vision to cataract victims around the world. A successful approach is to establish training centres. The success of the International Intraocular Implant Training Centre (IIITC) in the Peoples' Republic of China is cited to show that implant surgery for cataracts can be successfully performed in communities in developing nations in Asia with appropriate training and supervision. The centre has since yielded excellent results with cost effective ECCE and PCI. The book challenges eye surgeons around the world to unite to address a global need to contain world cataract blindness.
Between 1793 and 1794, thousands of French citizens were imprisoned and hundreds sent to the guillotine by a powerful dictatorship that claimed to be acting in the public interest. Only a few years earlier, revolutionaries had proclaimed a new era of tolerance, equal justice, and human rights. How and why did the French Revolution’s lofty ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity descend into violence and terror? “By attending to the role of emotions in propelling the Terror, Tackett steers a more nuanced course than many previous historians have managed...Imagined terrors, as...Tackett very usefully reminds us, can have even more political potency than real ones.” —David A. Bell, ...
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It is time for a major work of synthetic interpretation, and this is what The Jacobin Republic Under Fire offers.".