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Does human mortality after age 110 continue to rise, level off, or start to decline? This book describes a concerted, international research effort undertaken with the goal of establishing a database that allows the best possible description of the mortality trajectory beyond the age of 110. The International Database on Longevity (IDL) is the result of this ongoing effort. The IDL contains exhaustive information on validated cases of supercentenarians (people 110 years and older) and allows unbiased estimates of mortality after age 110. The main finding is remarkable: human mortality after age 110 is flat at a probability of death of 50% per year. The sixteen chapters of this book discuss age validation of exceptional longevity, data on supercentenarians in a series of countries, structure and contents of the IDL, and statistical analysis of human mortality after age 110. Several chapters include short accounts of specific supercentenarians that add life to demographic research.
This publication provides a comprehensive compendium of the current state of Germany’s research infrastructure in the social, economic, and behavioural sciences. In addition, the book presents detailed discussions of the current needs of empirical researchers in these fields as well as of opportunities for future development. The importance of solid data for both public policy and the social and economic sciences is obvious. Today, empirical research is essential in finding solutions to many of the major challenges our society faces, such as environmental change, turbulent financial markets, and population growth. Based on 68 advisory reports by more than 100 internationally recognised authors from a wide range of fields, the book provides recommendations by the German Data Forum (RatSWD) on how to improve the research infrastructure so as to create conditions ideal for making Germany’s social, economic, and behavioural sciences more innovative and internationally competitive.
Competing representations of the former East German state in the German cultural memory.
Political violence is often understood in terms of rationality and strategic reasoning, or in terms of psychological breakdown due to structural transformations of society. Such approaches, however, allow us to understand only the ́tip of the iceberg ́ of a much deeper social phenomenon. Margarita Palacios analyzes political antagonism as expressing meaning and desire while bringing to the fore the paradoxical dynamic of morality and enjoyment which accompanies political violence. Her perspective informed by social theory and psychoanalysis shows the interplay of fear, hate, moral claims, and desire. This book is valuable reading for researchers and students from the social sciences and humanities, in particular in the fields of sociology, political science, cultural studies, Latin American studies, and the emerging field of psycho-social studies.
The monograph disseminates the very topical issue of retirement and its timing as the key to one of the greatest challenges facing ageing societies. Postponing retirement is now almost universally regarded as indispensable in order to relieve European welfare states from the demography-related financial pressures. This seminal study, derived from a statistical analysis of a large-scale survey data, provides a thorough understanding of the micro- and macro-level determinants of retirement timing in contemporary Western Europe. The book is the first monograph to combine the analysis of the retirement attitudes with the analysis of the retirement behaviour within one research. It tackles the question as to whether early retirement can be explained by “early exit culture”, triangulating life course theory with a social stratification approach. The author used a novel and innovative approach to obtain the results. The methodology includes: tobit models of proscriptive age norms; simulations of the impact of class structure on a country’s average retirement age; competing risks models of different work-exit modalities; duration selection models of retirement timing.
Regional mortality differences are one dimension of health inequalities, but its trends and determinants in Germany are widely unknown. This book examines and illustrates patterns of regional mortality in Germany—with focus on small-area differentials—and their changes over time. It identifies explanatory factors at individual and regional level. Mortality differences between eastern and western Germany exist, but small-area mortality differentials are often greater. Though the main spatial mortality patterns remain, this study provides evidence that some distinct changes in the small-area mortality patterns in Germany—especially among women—occurred within a short period of time. Mortality inequalities at younger ages and in behavior-related causes as well as differences in socioeconomic conditions contribute strongly to regional mortality differences in Germany. The book shows that the complex interplay between individual- and regional-level mortality risk factors requires a multidimensional approach to reduce regional mortality inequalities.
First published in 1952, the International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (anthropology, economics, political science, and sociology) is well established as a major bibliographic reference for students, researchers and librarians in the social sciences worldwide. Key features * Authority: Rigorous standards are applied to make the IBSS the most authoritative selective bibliography ever produced. Articles and books are selected on merit by some of the world's most expert librarians and academics. *Breadth: today the IBSS covers over 2000 journals - more than any other comparable resource. The latest monograph publications are also included. *International Coverage: the IBSS reviews schol...
Two decades after the third edition of Lilienfeld's Foundations of Epidemiology advanced the teaching of epidemiology, this completely revised fourth edition offers a new and innovative approach for future generations of students in population health. Authored by two longtime educators in epidemiology, this all-new Foundations frames the field's fundamental concepts within a mix of classic examples and recent case studies, as well the inclusion of recently developed measures now finding commonplace usage in the field. The result is a comprehensive introduction to modern epidemiology accessible to readers of all backgrounds and interests. Features in this new Foundations include: - Coverage o...
The most thorough major academic textbook available, this classic text presents the most important research studies in the field. The author also integrates engaging first-person accounts from patients, physicians, and other health care providers throughout the text. A much greater number of first person accounts and updated examples are added to the new fourteenth edition. Other updates include: • Coverage of Zika, Ebola, MERS, and updates on other pandemics • Expanded discussion of obesity as a disease • Coverage of the widening gap in life expectancy between the rich and the poor • New information on the decline of life expectancy among American white women, especially those who live in rural counties • New material on biomarkers, gene–environment interaction, and stress • Analysis of the role of the hidden curriculum in medical schools • Exiting the Affordable Care Act
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