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The Envy of Angels
Before the rise of universities, cathedral schools educated students in a course of studies aimed at perfecting their physical presence, their manners, and their eloquence. The formula of cathedral schools was "letters and manners" (litterae et mores), which asserts a pedagogic program as broad as the modern "letters and science." The main instrument of what C. Stephen Jaeger calls "charismatic pedagogy" was the master's personality, his physical presence radiating a transforming force to his students. In The Envy of Angels, Jaeger explores this intriguing chapter in the history of ideas and higher learning and opens a new view of intellectual and social life in eleventh- and early twelfth-century Europe.
The Jewish Pope
Examines the struggle between Innocent II and Anacletus II, a member of the Roman Pierleoni family which had converted from Judaism to Christianity. In contrast to the prevailing theory that the split was ideological and that Innocent and his supporters in the monastic movement (e.g., Bernard of Clairvaux, Peter the Venerable, Matthew of Albano) represented a progressive church reform party, argues that it was basically political. Anacletus' Jewish origin and his family's banking activities were exploited in a successful campaign of vilification against him. Ch. 15 (pp. 156-168), "The Anatomy of the Schism: The Jewish Element", shows how increased antisemitism after the First Crusade and the image of the Jew as a usurer contributed to this campaign.
Repression of Heresy in Medieval Germany
This book is a volume in the Penn Press Anniversary Collection. To mark its 125th anniversary in 2015, the University of Pennsylvania Press rereleased more than 1,100 titles from Penn Press's distinguished backlist from 1899-1999 that had fallen out of print. Spanning an entire century, the Anniversary Collection offers peer-reviewed scholarship in a wide range of subject areas.
The Capture of Constantinople
The armies of the Fourth Crusade that left Western Europe at the beginning of the thirteenth century never reached the Holy Land to fight the Infidel; they stopped instead at Byzantium and sacked that capital of eastern Christendom. Much of what we know today of those events comes from contemporary accounts by secular writers; their perspective is balanced by a document written from a monastic point of view and now available for the first time in English. The Hystoria Constantinopolitana relates the adventures of Martin of Pairis, an abbot of the Cistercian Order who participated in the plunder of the city, as recorded by his monk Gunther. Written to justify the abbot's pious pilferage of sc...
Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, C.936-1075
In examining the relationship between the royal monasteries in tenth- and eleventh-century Germany and the German monarchs, this book assimilates a great deal of European scholarship on a central problem - that of the realities and structures of power. It focuses on the practical aspects of governing without a capital and while constantly in motion, and on the payments and services which monasteries provided to the king and which in turn supported the king's travel economically and politically. Royal-monastic relations are investigated in the context of the 'itinerant kingship' of the period to determine how this relationship functioned in practice. It emerges that German rulers did in fact make much greater use of their royal monasteries than has hitherto been recognised.
The Mitre: Its Origins and Early Development
The story of the mitre began during the 11th-century church reform movements and was, surprisingly, inspired by a popular pastime. After a thousand years of bare heads, the Church finally had an official hat, signaling newly-structured internal dynamics, an increase in power and influence in society, and greater parity with secular leaders.
A Companion to Hildegard of Bingen
This volume provides an introduction to Hildegard and her works, with a focus on the historical, literary, and religious context of the seer’s writings and music. Its essays explore the cultural milieu that informs Hildegard’s life and various compositions, and examine understudied aspects of the magistra’s oeuvre, such as the interconnections among her works. A Companion to Hildegard of Bingen builds on earlier studies and presents to an English-speaking audience various facets of the seer’s historical persona and her cultural significance, so that the reader can grasp and appreciate the scope of the unparalleled life and contributions of Hildegard, who was declared to be a saint and a doctor of the Church in 2012. Contributors include: Michael Embach, Margot E. Fassler, Franz J. Felten, George Ferzoco, William T. Flynn, Felix Heinzer, Beverly Mayne Kienzle, Tova Leigh-Choate, Constant J. Mews, Susanne Ruge, Travis A. Stevens, Debra L. Stoudt, and Justin A. Stover.
A Companion to Medieval Rules and Customaries
A Companion to Medieval Rules and Customaries offers an introduction to the rules and customaries of the main religious orders in medieval Europe: Benedictine, Cistercian, Carthusian, Augustinian, Premonstratensian, Templar, Hospitaller, Teutonic, Dominican, Franciscan, and Carmelite. As well as introducing the early history and spirituality of the orders, scholars survey the central topics – organization, doctrine, morality, liturgy, and culture, as documented by these primary sources. Contributors are: James Clark, Tom Gaens, Jean-François Godet-Calogeras, Holly Grieco, Emilia Jamroziak, Gert Melville, Stephen Molvarec, Carol Neel, Krijn Pansters, Matthew Ponesse, Bert Roest, Kristjan Toomaspoeg, Paul van Geest, Ursula Vones-Liebenstein, and Coralie Zermatten.
Nuns' Priests' Tales
During the Middle Ages, female monasteries relied on priests to provide for their spiritual care, chiefly to celebrate Mass in their chapels but also to hear the confessions of their nuns and give last rites to their sick and dying. These men were essential to the flourishing of female monasticism during the eleventh and twelfth centuries, yet they rarely appear in scholarly accounts of the period. Medieval sources are hardly more forthcoming. Although medieval churchmen consistently acknowledged the necessity of male spiritual supervision in female monasteries, they also warned against the dangers to men of association with women. Nuns' Priests' Tales investigates gendered spiritual hierarc...
The Norman Admiralty
What was the real power of the Norman admirals? In what way did they practise their authority? This study on the Norman admiralty in Sicily focuses on the development of this office as it changes from an office to a title with increasing and increadible prestige in the years from the second half of the 11th century to the end of the 12th century. The admiral was an officer who worked in the royal palace for the royal authority as prime minister and was fundamental in orchestrating cultural activities. However, the admirals also established their power in fields separate to those of their position. The position of admiral was a unicum in Medieval Europe since no other political institution had a similar figure and his contribution was crucial for the development of the Norman kingdom in Sicily. The intention of this work is to study the sphere of competences of the admirality and to give a global and definitive view of the impact of the Norman admirals between the second half of the 11th century and the end of the 12th.
