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It is now accepted that immune molecules are not only present within the brain during pathology but they exert physiological functions in the “healthy” brain as well. Increasing evidence points to a neuro-modulatory role of cytokines and chemokines (CHEMOtactic cytoKINES) in basal transmission and plasticity processes where signaling between peri-synaptic astrocytes, microglia and neurons plays an important role. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms as to how cytokines, and in particular chemokines, participate in the molecular and cellular processes thought to subserve memory formation, plasticity processes and responsiveness to environmental stimuli remain to be clarified. Interestingly,...
Esențială și pragmatică, În grădina minții este o carte pentru cei ce îndrăgesc grădinăritul și lectura perfectă pentru cei care își doresc o viață psihică mai sănătoasă.
The hypothalamus is the region of the brain in charge of the maintenance of the internal milieu of the organism. It is also essential to orchestrate reproductive, parental, aggressive-defensive, and other social behaviors, and for the expression of emotions. Due to the structural complexity of the hypothalamus, however, many basic aspects of its ontogenesis are still mysterious. Nowadays we assist to a renewal of interest spurred in part by the growing realization that prenatal and early postnatal influences on the hypothalamus could entail pathological conditions later in life. Intriguing questions for the future include: do early specification phenomena reflect on adult hypothalamic functi...
Una maravillosa exploración del jardín como lugar mental y de los poderes de la naturaleza. Un jardín es un refugio ideal para huir del ajetreo del mundo y conectar con la naturaleza. Sin embargo, sabemos muy poco sobre los verdaderos beneficios de la jardinería. Investigaciones recientes demuestran que, cuando la practican, los presos tienen menos probabilidades de reincidir, los jóvenes en riesgo de exclusión tienden a perseverar en el sistema educativo y los ancianos viven más y mejor. Repleto de curiosidades científicas y emocionantes historias humanas, La mente bien ajardinada es una poderosa combinación de neurociencia, literatura, historia y psicoanálisis que indaga en el se...
Microglia are largely known as the major orchestrators of the brain inflammatory response. As such, they have been traditionally studied in various contexts of disease, where their activation has been assumed to induce a wide range of detrimental effects. In the last few years, a series of discoveries have challenged the current view of microglia, showing their active and positive contribution to normal brain function. This Research Topic reviewed the novel physiological roles of microglia in the developing, mature and aging brain, under non-pathological conditions. In particular, this Research Topic discussed the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which microglia contribute to the formati...
FRET – Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Meeting the need for an up-to-date and detailed primer on all aspects of the topic, this ready reference reflects the incredible expansion in the application of FRET and its derivative techniques over the past decade, especially in the biological sciences. This wide diversity is equally mirrored in the range of expert contributors. The book itself is clearly subdivided into four major sections. The first provides some background, theory, and key concepts, while the second section focuses on some common FRET techniques and applications, such as in vitro sensing and diagnostics, the determination of protein, peptide and other biological structures, a...