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The information received from BeppoSAX, Chandra and other instruments in the last two years has more than doubled the number of samples of Gamma-Ray Bursts localized and followed up for afterglow search. This has also increased the interest of astronomers in GRBs. This book reviews the research of the last two years and covers the global properties of GRBs, GRB afterglows, GRB host galaxies, cosmology using GRBs, and theories for GRBs and their afterglows. Theoretical and observational aspects are presented as well as tools for the analysis of the data.
The exploration of the first billion years of the history of the Universe represents one of the great challenges of contemporary astrophysics. During this time, the first structures start to form the first stars, galaxies, and possibly also soon the first quasars. At the same time, light comes to the dark, neutral Universe. This book contains the worked out lectures given at the 36th Saas-Fee Advanced Course "First Light in the Universe" by three eminent scientists in the field.
A very attractive feature of the theory of general relativity is that it is a perfectexampleofa“falsi?able”theory:notunableparameterispresentinthe theory and therefore even a single experiment incompatible with a prediction of the theory would immediately lead to its inevitable rejection, at least in the physical regime of application of the aforementioned experiment. This fact provides additional scienti?c value to one of the boldest and most fascinating achievements of the human intellect ever, and motivates a wealth of e?orts in designing and implementing tests aimed at the falsi?cation of the theory. The ?rst historical test on the theory has been the de?ection of light gr- ing the s...
Humans have probably always strived to understand the world around them. And the heavens have drawn rapt attention -- perhaps because they seem so close but aren't. Understanding of the physical and chemical properties, origin, and evolution of the celestial bodies has been propelled forward by the startling advances in space science, computers and miniaturisation. Astrophysics can claim to be one of the most exciting fields in science in terms of leaps forward. This book gathers leading-edge research from a number of countries and research centres to help understand some of these leaps forward in our grasp of the universe. Contents: Preface; Theoretical Models for Nuclear Astrophysics; Universal Constants and Black Holes; Consequences of Gravitational Tunnelling Radiation; Quantum Mechanical Formulation of Quantum Cosmology for Brane-World Effective Action; Time Dependent Effects of a Transient, Bright Source of the Interstellar Medium; New Aspect of Physics of a Photon Gas; Disk Accretion Driven by Magnetic Fields: Implications for New Models; Reconstructing Cepheid Light Curve with Fourier Expansion and Interrelations; Index.
The book reviews the present status of understanding the nature of the most luminous objects in the Universe, connected with supermassive black holes and supermassive stars, clusters of galaxies and ultraluminous galaxies, sources of gamma-ray bursts and relativistic jets. Leading experts give overviews of essential physical mechanisms involved, discuss formation and evolution of these objects as well as prospects for their use in cosmology, as probes of the intergalactic medium at high redshifts and as a tool to study the end of dark ages. The theoretical models are complemented by new exciting results from orbital and ground-based observatories such as Chandra, XMM-Newton, HST, SDSS, VLT, Keck, and many others.
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Since 1963, the Texas Symposia have been a biennial, peripatetic forum for forefront developments on a wide range of topics in relativistic astrophysics, from pulsars to string theory, from the birth of the universe to the death of stars. The 26 plenary lectures, 230 parallel session talks and 265 poster presentations attest to the scientific vitality of this interdisciplinary field.