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Applications
Applications
General Principles of Tumor Immunotherapy
This book brings together the world’s leading authorities on tumor immunology. This book describes the basic immunology principles that form the foundation of understanding how the immune system recognizes and rejects tumor cells. The role of the innate and adaptive immune responses is discussed and the implications of these responses for the design of clinical strategies to combat cancer are illustrated.
Innate and Adaptive Immunity in the Tumor Microenvironment
Traditionally, the interplay between cancer cells and host immunity has been studied systemically. Recent studies, however, indicate that the tumor microenvironment is unique in providing both supportive and inhibitory factors that determine the fate of the tumor and its host. This volume compiles reviews on innate and adaptive immune responses at the tumor microenvironment with emphasis on positive and negative outcomes that affect the progression of the disease.
Immunology of Ocular Tumors
The eye and the ocular adnexa may give rise to over three hundred histologically different tumors - by far the largest tumor variety of the human body. However, the immunological behavior of these tumors has only been explored in some cases, although it is well established that the eye is an immune-privileged site in which cells that express foreign antigens escape immune-mediated elimination. Human tumors also create an immune-privileged surrounding and thereby escape from anti-tumor immune responses. Highlighting aspects of ocular and general tumor, this text summarizes the role of the immune system and how tumor tissue can influence various parameters (T-cells, NK-cells, HLA-expression, apoptosis), leading to escape mechanisms used by the tumor. New therapeutic regimens urgently required by patients are also reviewed, and the immunological behavior of skin melanoma is compared to choroidal melanoma, whilst basal cell carcinoma of the ocular lid is compared to those of the skin.
Monoclonal Antibodies in Cancer
This represents the third volume in a series on cancer markers pub lished by the Humana Press. The first volume, published in 1980, stressed the relationship of development and cancer as reflected in the production of markers by cancer that are also produced by normal cells during fetal development. The concept that cancer represents a problem of differentiation was introduced by Barry Pierce in describing differenti ation of teratocarcinomas. Highlighted were lymphocyte markers, alphafetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, ectopic hormones, enzymes and isozymes, pregnancy proteins, and fibronectin. The second volume, published in 1982 and coedited with Britta Wahren, focused on the diagnostic use of oncological markers in human cancers, which were systematically treated on an organ by organ basis. At that time, the application of monoclonal antibodies to the identification of cancer markers was still in a very preliminary stage. A general introduc tion to monoclonal antibodies to human tumor antigens was given there by William Raschke, and other authors included coverage of those mark ers then detectable by monoclonal antibodies in their chapters.
Radiolabeled Monoclonal Antibodies for Imaging and Therapy
The advent of hybridoma technology leading to the successful produc tion of monoclonal antibodies against a variety of tumor-associated antigens has, during the last decade, provided a very powerful tool for research and clinical investigations. These highly specific reagents have essentially replaced the polysera of the earlier days. The successful demonstration of the many wide ranging capabilities of the monoclonal antibody technique has already begun to exert an enormous impact on diverse areas of research in basic science and medicine. In particular, the potential of monoclonal antibodies to serve as carriers for selective targeting of radionuclides to tumors for diagnosis or therapy, h...
Eukaryotic Cell Cultures
The Second International Cell Culture Congress was structured as was the First Congress to bring together scientists from academia and industry to discuss the use of cell culture in support of bioscience. It was felt that a forum whereby state-of the-art presentations were followed by informal workshops would provide opportunity for the greatest exchange of information. Within the atmosphere of the workshop, problems common to basic as well as applied research were discussed and directions for the future were brought to light. These proceedings reflect and epitomize those discussions. Although it is difficult to cover all scientific disciplines utilizing cells in culture, we feel key areas w...
Mechanisms of Differentiation
Significant recent advances in cell culture technology now permit a detailed biochemical and molecular analysis of differentiation in both normal and tumor cells. These studies are important in attempting to understand the complex factors involved in normal growth and development, as well as the abnormalities associated with carcinogenesis. Mechanisms of Differentiation, Volumes I and II, is comprised of review chapters addressing various topics of current interest in this important area of research. Topics discussed include genes controlling differentiation, changes in gene expression during differentiation, induction of differentiation, induction of differentiation as a mode of action of chemotherapeutic agents, and the effect of cell shape, growth factors and differentiation modulating agents on the differentiated cell phenotype. Mechanisms of Differentiation is valuable to researchers involved in differentiation and development, carcinogenesis, cell biology, chemotherapy, and immunology.
New Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Cancer Progression
Biomarkers are of critical medical importance for oncologists, allowing them to predict and detect disease and to determine the best course of action for cancer patient care. Prognostic markers are used to evaluate a patient’s outcome and cancer recurrence probability after initial interventions such as surgery or drug treatments and, hence, to select follow-up and further treatment strategies. On the other hand, predictive markers are increasingly being used to evaluate the probability of benefit from clinical intervention(s), driving personalized medicine. Evolving technologies and the increasing availability of “multiomics” data are leading to the selection of numerous potential bio...
Methods in Membrane Biology
Examination of the tables of contents of journals - biochemical, molecular biological, ultrastructural, and physiological-provides convincing evidence that membrane biology will be in the 1970s what biochemical genetics was in the 1960s. And for good reason. If genetics is the mechanism for main taining and transmitting the essentials of life, membranes are in many ways the essence of life. The minimal requirement for independent existence is the individualism provided by the separation of "life" from the environment. The cell exists by virtue of its surface membran~. One might define the first living organism as that stage of evolution where macromolecular catalysts or self-reproducing poly...
