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Novel drug delivery technologies strive to bypass challenging biological layers to elicit desired pharmacological activity. The skin, one of our key defensive barriers, allows certain topically applied substances and toxins to pass. The dermatokinetics of a drug determines the efficacy of treatment of skin disorders. Presenting the first comprehensive reference on this important area of research, Dermatokinetics of Therapeutic Agents includes a general overview of the theoretical as well as practical aspects of dermatokinetics and addresses the impact of a drug delivery system on the dermatokinetics of drugs. Chapters and illustrations cover introductory aspects and the significance, methods, and models used in dermatokinetic studies of therapeutic agents. Topics include: Theoretical Models for Dermatokinetics of Therapeutic Agents Drug Delivery Approaches to Modulate Dermatokinetics of Drugs Conventional Methods of Cutaneous Drug Sampling Cutaneous Microdialysis Sampling Substrates by Skin Permeabilization Spectroscopic Techniques in Dermatokinetics Studies Regulatory Perspective of Dermatokinetic Studies
Hypertension is a major cause of cerebral accidents, cardiac disease and renal failure. Essential or secondary hypertension occur in between 15-20 per cent of the population. The leading risk factors are family history, race, stress, obesity, a high intake of saturate fats or sodium, tobacco use, sedentary lifestyle, and aging. It may also be caused by other diseases, medical events, or taking of drugs of a wide variety. Most cases of hypertension are treatable although prolonged elevated blood pressure can lead to severe consequences including death. This new book gathers leading research from around the world on the etiology, pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this widespread disease.
Arsenic (As) is a widely distributed element in the environment having no known useful physiological function in plants or animals. Historically, this metalloid has been known to be used widely as a poison. Effects of arsenic have come to light in the past few decades due to its increasing contamination in several parts of world, with the worst situation being in Bangladesh and West Bengal in India. This edited volume brings together diverse group of environmental science, sustainability and health researchers to address the challenges posed by global mass poisoning caused by arsenic water contamination. The book covers sources of arsenic contamination, and its impact on human health and on ...
Plant improvement has shifted its focus from yield, quality and disease resistance to factors that will enhance commercial export, such as early maturity, shelf life and better processing quality. Conventional plant breeding methods aiming at the improvement of a self-pollinating crop, such as wheat, usually take 10-12 years to develop and release of the new variety. During the past 10 years, significant advances have been made and accelerated methods have been developed for precision breeding and early release of crop varieties. This work summarizes concepts dealing with germplasm enhancement and development of improved varieties based on innovative methodologies that include doubled haploidy, marker assisted selection, marker assisted background selection, genetic mapping, genomic selection, high-throughput genotyping, high-throughput phenotyping, mutation breeding, reverse breeding, transgenic breeding, shuttle breeding, speed breeding, low cost high-throughput field phenotyping, etc. It is an important reference with special focus on accelerated development of improved crop varieties.
Environmental analysis techniques have advanced due to the use of nanotechnologies in improving the detection sensitivity and miniaturization of the devices in analytical procedures. These allow for developments such as increases in analyte concentration, the removal of interfering species and improvements in the detection limits. Bridging a gap in the literature, this book uniquely brings together state-of-the-art research in the applications of novel nanomaterials to each of the classical components of environmental analysis, namely sample preparation and extraction, separation and identification by spectroscopic techniques. Special attention is paid to those approaches that are considered greener and reduce the cost of the analysis process both in terms of chemicals and time consumption. Advanced undergraduates, graduates and researchers at the forefront of environmental science and engineering will find this book a good source of information. It will also help regulators, decision makers, surveillance agencies and the organizations assessing the impact of pollutants on the environment.
This book includes selected papers from the International Conference on Next Generation of Internet of Things (ICNGIoT 2022), organized by Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, GIET University, Gunupur, Odisha, India, during February 3–4, 2022. The book covers topics such as IoT network design and architecture, IoT network virtualization, IoT sensors, privacy and security for IoT, SMART environment, social networks, data science and data analytics, cognitive intelligence and augmented intelligence, and case studies and applications.
Selected, peer reviewed papers from the Malaysia-Japan International Confer-ence on Nanoscience, Nanotechnology and Nanoengineering 2014 (NANO-SciTech 2014 and IC-NET 2014), February 28 - March 3, 2014, Selangor, Malaysia
Since their development a decade ago, human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have revolutionized the study of human disease, given rise to regenerative medicine technologies, and provided exceptional opportunities for pharmacologic research. These cells provide an essentially unlimited supply of cell types that are difficult to obtain from patients, such as neurons or cardiomyocytes, or are difficult to maintain in primary cell culture. iPSC can be obtained from patients afflicted with a particular disease but, in combination with recently developed gene editing techniques, can also be modified to generate disease models. Moreover, the new techniques of 3 Dimensional printing and materials science facilitate the generation of organoids that can mirror organs under disease conditions. These properties make iPSC powerful tools to study how diseases develop and how they may be treated. In addition, iPSC can also be used to treat conditions in which the target cell population has been lost and such regenerative approaches hold great promise for currently untreatable diseases, including cardiac failure or photoreceptor degenerations.
Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.