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The goal of this collective monograph is to explore the relationship between the cognitive notion of number and various grammatical devices expressing this concept in natural language with a special focus on Slavic. The book aims at investigating different morphosyntactic and semantic categories including plurality and number-marking, individuation and countability, cumulativity, distributivity and collectivity, numerals, numeral modifiers and classifiers, as well as other quantifiers. It gathers 19 contributions tackling the main themes from different theoretical and methodological perspectives in order to contribute to our understanding of cross-linguistic patterns both in Slavic and non-Slavic languages.
Much recent influential work within Generative grammar argues that syntax plays a key role in grammar and meaning composition, whereas the role of the lexicon is minimal. This book provides evidence that supports a more balanced division of labor between syntax and the lexicon in the creation of meaning. The author argues that grammatical theory can only ignore lexical meaning at its own peril and defends a theoretical standpoint which is underrepresented in much of the current work in this area . This book explores a wide range of relevant empirical data and makes a compelling case for a theory that can make adequate predictions about possible linguistic structures by allowing the lexicon and the grammar to dynamically interact and impose restrictions on each other.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of 4 workshops held at the JSAI International Symposia on Artificial Intelligence 2010, in Tokyo, Japan, in November 2009. The 24 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 61 submissions. The papers are organized in the workshop sections Logic and Engineering of Natural Language Semantics (LENLS), Juris-Informatics (JURISIN), Knowledge Collaboration in Software Development (KCSD), and Learning with Logics and Logics for Learning (LLLL).
This book makes a novel contribution to our understanding of Romance SE constructions by combining both diachronic and synchronic theoretical perspectives along with a range of empirical data from different languages and dialects. The collection, divided into four sections, proposes that SE constructions may be divided into one class that is the result of grammaticalization of a reflexive pronoun up the syntactic tree, from Voice and above, and another class that has resulted from the reanalysis of reflexive and anticausative morphemes as an argument expletive or verbal morpheme generated in positions from Voice and below. The contributions, while varied in both empirical content and theoret...
An argument that complex cardinals are not extra-linguistic but built using standard syntax and standard principles of semantic composition. In Cardinals, Tania Ionin and Ora Matushansky offer a semantic and syntactic analysis of nominal expressions containing complex cardinals (for example, two hundred and thirty-five books). They show that complex cardinals are not an extra-linguistic phenomenon (as is often assumed) but built using standard syntax and standard principles of semantic composition. Complex cardinals can tell us as much about syntactic structure and semantic composition as other linguistic expressions. Ionin and Matushansky show that their analysis accounts for the internal c...
Current semantic fieldwork research has shown that the study of modality cannot be conducted via translation alone, yet much of what we know about modal expressions across the world’s language is still translation-based. This book aims to facilitate the study of modality across more diverse languages and a wider participant base by explaining and illustrating a nuanced set of methods, including storyboards, questionnaires, corpora research, experimental tasks, as well as a discussion of practical semantic fieldwork techniques. The methodological protocols tested and employed by the authors on underdescribed languages - spanning seven different language families - are intended to be applicable as cross-linguistic tools, while also indicating the successes and challenges of their contributions. Expanding the study of modality to a wider set of underdescribed languages will undoubtedly bring new insights into our theoretical understanding of modality and deepen our understanding of a cross-linguistic typology of modal expressions.
This book represents a bridge between research and casual parental advice.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Logic for Programming, Artificial Intelligence, and Reasoning, LPAR 2008, which took place in Doha, Qatar, during November 22-27, 2008. The 45 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited talks were carefully revised and selected from 153 submissions. The papers address all current issues in automated reasoning, computational logic, programming languages and their applications and are organized in topical sections on automata, linear arithmetic, verification knowledge representation, proof theory, quantified constraints, as well as modal and temporal logics.
A guide to planning and completing safe trips.
This volume brings together insights from leading scholars in the field of grammatical aspect to examine the multifaceted nature of this pivotal linguistic resource used to express temporal meaning. The contributors explore the many ways in which linguistic research can move beyond canonical semantic analyses of aspect, which still focus to a great extent on objective temporal features of what can be called 'situation models', i.e. integrated cognitive representations of designated states of affairs. The chapters in this volume widen this outlook by concentrating on less typical contexts in which aspectual constructions are used, e.g. for affective purposes, to mark the epistemic status of situations, or to shape narrative structures. This focus on non-prototypicality is also reflected in the languages investigated, many of which are understudied with respect to their aspectual constructions, including several African languages and the sign language Kata Kolok. The volume adopts a multidisciplinary methodological approach, and introduces possible directions for future research based on experimental studies, fieldwork research, and translation mining.