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This book contains both a synthesis and mathematical analysis of a wide set of algorithms and theories whose aim is the automatic segmen tation of digital images as well as the understanding of visual perception. A common formalism for these theories and algorithms is obtained in a variational form. Thank to this formalization, mathematical questions about the soundness of algorithms can be raised and answered. Perception theory has to deal with the complex interaction between regions and "edges" (or boundaries) in an image: in the variational seg mentation energies, "edge" terms compete with "region" terms in a way which is supposed to impose regularity on both regions and boundaries. This ...
This volume contains the proceedings of the IMU/AMS Special Session on Nonlinear Analysis and Optimization, held from June 16-19, 2014, at the Second Joint International Meeting of the Israel Mathematical Union (IMU) and the American Mathematical Society (AMS), Bar-Ilan and Tel-Aviv Universities, Israel, and the Workshop on Nonlinear Analysis and Optimization, held on June 12, 2014, at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology. The papers in this volume cover many different topics in Nonlinear Analysis and Optimization, including: Taylor domination property for analytic functions in the complex disk, mappings with upper integral bounds for p -moduli, multiple Fourier transforms and trigono...
Recently much attention has been devoted to the optimization of transportation networks in a given geographic area. One assumes the distributions of population and of services/workplaces (i.e. the network's sources and sinks) are known, as well as the costs of movement with/without the network, and the cost of constructing/maintaining it. Both the long-term optimization and the short-term, "who goes where," optimization are considered. These models can also be adapted for the optimization of other types of networks, such as telecommunications, pipeline or drainage networks. In the monograph we study the most general problem settings, namely, when neither the shape nor even the topology of the network to be constructed is known a priori.
In many aspects science becomes conducted nowadays through technology and preferential criteria of economy. Thus investigation and knowledge is evidently linked to a speci?c purpose. Especially Earth science is confronted with two major human perspectives concerning our natural environment:sustainability of resources and assessment of risks. Both aspects are expressing urgent needs of the living society, but in the same way those needs are addressing a long lasting fundamental challenge which has so far not been met. Following on the patterns of economy and technology, the key is presumed to be found through a devel- mentoffeasibleconceptsforamanagement ofbothournaturalenvironmentand in one ...
Scale is a concept the antiquity of which can hardly be traced. Certainly the familiar phenomena that accompany sc ale changes in optical patterns are mentioned in the earliest written records. The most obvious topological changes such as the creation or annihilation of details have been a topic to philosophers, artists and later scientists. This appears to of fascination be the case for all cultures from which extensive written records exist. For th instance, chinese 17 c artist manuals remark that "distant faces have no eyes" . The merging of details is also obvious to many authors, e. g. , Lucretius mentions the fact that distant islands look like a single one. The one topo logical event that is (to the best of my knowledge) mentioned only late (by th John Ruskin in his "Elements of drawing" of the mid 19 c) is the splitting of a blob on blurring. The change of images on a gradual increase of resolu tion has been a recurring theme in the arts (e. g. , the poetic description of the distant armada in Calderon's The Constant Prince) and this "mystery" (as Ruskin calls it) is constantly exploited by painters.
The Mumford-Shah functional was introduced in the 1980s as a tool for automatic image segmentation, but its study gave rise to many interesting questions of analysis and geometric measure theory. The main object under scrutiny is a free boundary K where the minimizer may have jumps. The book presents an extensive description of the known regularity properties of the singular sets K, and the techniques to get them. It is largely self-contained, and should be accessible to graduate students in analysis. The core of the book is composed of regularity results that were proved in the last ten years and which are presented in a more detailed and unified way.
There exists a history of great expectations and large investments involving artificial intelligence (AI). There are also notable shortfalls and memorable disappointments. One major controversy regarding AI is just how mathematical a field it is or should be. This text includes contributions that examine the connections between AI and mathematics, demonstrating the potential for mathematical applications and exposing some of the more mathematical areas within AI. The goal is to stimulate interest in people who can contribute to the field or use its results. Included in the work by M. Newborn on the famous Deep BLue chess match. He discusses highly mathematical techniques involving graph theo...
This book introduces the mathematical concept of partial differential equations (PDE) for virtual image restoration. It provides insight in mathematical modelling, partial differential equations, functional analysis, variational calculus, optimisation and numerical analysis. It is addressed towards generally informed mathematicians and graduate students in mathematics with an interest in image processing and mathematical analysis.
The joint workshop of the Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation IOSB, Karlsruhe, and the Vision and Fusion Laboratory (Institute for Anthropomatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)), is organized annually since 2005 with the aim to report on the latest research and development findings of the doctoral students of both institutions. This book provides a collection of 16 technical reports on the research results presented on the 2009 workshop.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Workshop on Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, EMMCVPR'97, held in Venice, Italy, in May 1997. The book presents 29 revised full papers selected from a total of 62 submissions. Also included are four full invited papers and a keynote paper by leading researchers. The volume is organized in sections on contours and deformable models, Markov random fields, deterministic methods, object recognition, evolutionary search, structural models, and applications. The volume is the first comprehensive documentation of the application of energy minimization techniques in the areas of compiler vision and pattern recognition.