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The Economy in Jewish History
Jewish historiography tends to stress the religious, cultural, and political aspects of the past. By contrast the “economy” has been pushed to the margins of the Jewish discourse and scholarship since the end of the Second World War. This volume takes a fresh look at Jews and the economy, arguing that a broader, cultural approach is needed to understand the central importance of the economy. The very dynamics of economy and its ability to function depend on the ability of individuals to interact, and on the shared values and norms that are fostered within ethnic communities. Thus this volume sheds new light on the interrelationship between religion, ethnicity, culture, and the economy, revealing the potential of an “economic turn” in the study of history.
Refugees from Nazi-occupied Europe in British Overseas Territories
This special issue focusses on refugees from Nazi-occupied Europe in British colonies, dominions and overseas territories. It deals with aspects like internment, identity and cultural representation in not well-known destinations of forced migration like India, New Zealand, Canada or Kenya.
Jewish and Romani Families in the Holocaust and its Aftermath
Diaries, testimonies and memoirs of the Holocaust often include at least as much on the family as on the individual. Victims of the Nazi regime experienced oppression and made decisions embedded within families. Even after the war, sole survivors often described their losses and rebuilt their lives with a distinct focus on family. Yet this perspective is lacking in academic analyses. In this work, scholars from the United States, Israel, and across Europe bring a variety of backgrounds and disciplines to their study of the Holocaust and its aftermath from the family perspective. Drawing on research from Belarus to Great Britain, and examining both Jewish and Romani families, they demonstrate the importance of recognizing how people continued to function within family units—broadly defined—throughout the war and afterward.
On the Word of a Jew
What, if anything, does religion have to do with how reliable we perceive one another to be? When and how did religious difference matter in the past when it came to trusting the word of another? In today’s world, we take for granted that being Jewish should not matter when it comes to acting or engaging in the public realm, but this was not always the case. The essays in this volume look at how and when Jews were recognized as reliable and trustworthy in the areas of jurisprudence, medicine, politics, academia, culture, business, and finance. As they explore issues of trust and mistrust, the authors reveal how caricatures of Jews move through religious, political, and legal systems. While the volume is framed as an exploration of Jewish and Christian relations, it grapples with perceptions of Jews and Jewishness from the biblical period to today, from the Middle East to North America, and in Ashkenazi and Sephardi traditions. Taken together these essays reflect on the mechanics of trust, and sometimes mistrust, in everyday interactions involving Jews.
Jewish Cattle Traders in the German Countryside, 1919–1939
Jewish Cattle Traders in the German Countryside, 1919–1939, explores the social and economic networks in which this group operated and the informal but durable bonds between Jewish cattle traders and farmers that not even incessant Nazi attacks could break. Stefanie Fischer combines approaches from social history, economic history, and sociology to challenge the longstanding cliché of the shady Jewish cattle dealer. By focusing on trust and social connections rather than analyzing economic trends, Fischer exposes the myriad inconsistencies that riddled the process of expelling the Jews from Germany. Jewish Cattle Traders in the German Countryside, 1919–1939, examines the complexities of relations between Jews and non-Jews who were engaged in economic and social exchange. In the process, Fischer challenges previous understandings of everyday life under Nazi rule and discovers new ways in which Jewish agency acted as a critical force throughout the exclusionary processes that took place in Hitler's Germany.
Shadow Economies and Irregular Work in Urban Europe
The origin of this volume is a workshop on 'Shadow economies and non-regular work practices in urban Europe (16th to early 20th centuries)', which took palce at the University of Salzburg in 2006, as well as a session at the International Economy History Congress in Helsinki in the same year.
Selbstbehältnisse
Es ist eine der menschlichsten Tätigkeiten, für sich selbst, für den eigenen Körper und die eigene Subjektivität Behältnisse zu schaffen. Diese Behältnisse für das Selbst können ephemer und improvisiert sein, sie können in alltäglichste Gegenstände oder auch in Texte oder Bilder ausgelagert sein. Oder sie können dauerhaft, stabil und wenigstens in ihrer Planung auf eine lange Zeit angelegt sein und dem Menschen eine sichere Verkapselung bieten. Nicht selten findet der Körper in seinen Behältnissen eine situative, fast organische Erweiterung und geht ein hochgradig nahes und intimes Verhältnis mit ihnen ein. Wenn wir in diesem Band unter dem Schlagwort Selbstbehältnisse nach ...
Jüdischdeutsche Drucke und Basler Mundart
English summary: How did the linguistic integration of ethnic groups, which were shaped by the united educational ideals and a centralized government, function in the nation-states of the 19th century? The author of this study shows through the methods of linguistic history, how we ourselves can represent the linguistic conversions of the past but also see the flexibility that exists in daily communication, even within formal processes. This study shows that the Jews in the French region around Basel first took their citizen's oath to the French king in German and contrasted the pronunciation rules for Basler schoolchildren at the beginning of compulsory education with those of the Jewish li...
Ein Außenseiter handelt
Ein biographischer Zugang zur jüdischen Wirtschaftsgeschichte im 19. Jahrhundert. Der gebürtige Elsässer Isaac Dreyfus (1785-1845) gehörte zur ersten Generation französischer Juden mit Staatsbürgerrechten und gründete ein Handelsgeschäft in Basel, die heutige Privatbank »Dreyfus Banquiers". Was lässt sich über einen Geschäftsmann zu Beginn der Moderne, von dem kaum ein Blatt Papier erhalten ist, in Erfahrung bringen? Aus Gerichtsnotizen, Inventaren, Zeitungsberichten und Vereinsunterlagen hat Susanne Bennewitz ein dichtes Porträt erarbeitet. Dabei tritt nicht nur die Person Isaac Dreyfus zutage, die Autorin veranschaulicht darüber hinaus Vertragskulturen und Geschäftsoptionen im Zwischenhandel sowie auf dem vorinstitutionellen Kapitalmarkt. Die biographische Studie erschließt sowohl ökonomische Facetten als auch die persönlichen Rückschläge und Kompromisse des Einwanderers Isaac Dreyfus, dem in der Eidgenossenschaft keine Heimat- und Religionsrechte zugestanden wurden.
