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Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths
Even at the beginning of the new millenium the rare earths still remain, to a certain extent, a mystery. The chapters in this volume will help to unravel some of these. In the filling of the 4f electronic orbitals the lanthanides defy the elementary aufbau principle that underlies the periodic sequence of the elements, and the authors of the first chapter introduce the readers to the basic physics of the orbital collapse leading to that failure. Furthermore an explanation is offered in terms of double-well potentials. The phenomenon is illustrated using the valence transitions observed in some of the rare earth atoms, including Sm group metals and the higher oxides of cerium, praseodymium an...
Operational Thermoluminescene Dosimetry
This book provides a comprehensive description of a dosimetric technique called thermoluminescence dosimetry. There are hundreds of scientific papers on thermoluminescence and its applications, but none deal with the “handling” of the technique, except for some official documents regarding procedural tests which are now not easily found. For this reason the authors have written this book with the aim of describing in detail how to use this dosimetric method. This volume is a valuable guide not only on the proper handling of the TL dosimeters but also on the results obtained by their use.The book consists of nine chapters. The first three chapters cover the theory of thermoluminescence an...
Radiation Synthesis of Materials and Compounds
Researchers and engineers working in nuclear laboratories, nuclear electric plants, and elsewhere in the radiochemical industries need a comprehensive handbook describing all possible radiation-chemistry interactions between irradiation and materials, the preparation of materials under distinct radiation types, the possibility of damage of material
Techno-Societal 2022
“This two-volume book originates from Techno-Societal 2022, the 4th International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Societal Applications held in Maharashtra, India. The conference brought together faculty members from various engineering colleges and eminent researchers from reputed organizations to solve Indian regional relevant problems. The focus of the Volume-I is on technologies that help develop and improve society, with a particular emphasis on issues such as advanced and sustainable technologies for water, energy, transportation, housing, and sanitation. Additionally, the book covers advances in pharmacy, nutraceuticals, and traditional medicines, as well as chemical and phy...
Rare Earth
This monograph represents a tribute to the late Prof. Karl Gschneidner, well known as “Mr. Rare Earth”, distinguished Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at the Iowa State University, a Senior Metallurgist at the Ames Laboratory, and the Chief Scientist of the Critical Materials Institute. Topics covered include Rare Earth Glass Spectroscopy, Treating Skin Diseases, Prospective Rare Earth Applications, Optical Information Storage, Diagnostic Imaging, Nanoparticles in Glasses, and ZnO Nanomaterials. Keywords: Fiber Lasers, Luminescent Pathway, Forensic Applications, Rejuvenating Skin, Health Imaging, FCC Catalyst, Energy Transfer, Rare Earth Phosphors.
Unraveling Thermoluminescence
The book is essentially about the theoretical aspects of thermoluminescence (TL). It is structured and written in a manner which will specially be of interest to the fresh undergraduate students and young researchers planning to take up work in the field of thermoluminescence. It is arranged into seven chapters, starting with the historical growth of the subject of TL and an overview of the luminescence phenomena. A Physical model involving thermally disconnected deep traps is specially described. Using this model expressions are derived for the TL intensity growth curve, the supralinearity factor and the pre-dose sensitization factor. A new factor, called the sensitization factor is introdu...
Photochemistry
The breadth of scientific and technological interests in the general topic of photochemistry is truly enormous and includes, for example, such diverse areas as microelectronics, atmospheric chemistry, organic synthesis, non-conventional photoimaging, photosynthesis, solar energy conversion, polymer technologies, and spectroscopy. This Specialist Periodical Report on Photochemistry aims to provide an annual review of photo-induced processes that have relevance to the above wide-ranging academic and commercial disciplines, and interests in chemistry, physics, biology and technology. In order to provide easy access to this vast and varied literature, each volume of Photochemistry comprises sect...
Proceedings of the International Conference on Atomic, Molecular, Optical & Nano Physics with Applications
This book highlights the proceedings of the International Conference on Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Nano-Physics with Applications (CAMNP 2019), organized by the Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, India. It presents experimental and theoretical studies of atoms, ions, molecules and nanostructures both at the fundamental level and on the application side using advanced technology. It highlights how modern tools of high-field and ultra-fast physics are no longer merely used to observe nature but can be used to reshape and redirect atoms, molecules, particles or radiation. It brings together leading researchers and professionals on the field to present and discuss the latest finding in the following areas, but not limited to: Atomic and Molecular Structure, Collision Processes, Data Production and Applications Spectroscopy of Solar and Stellar Plasma Intense Field, Short Pulse Laser and Atto-Second Physics Laser Technology, Quantum Optics and applications Bose Einstein condensation Nanomaterials and Nanoscience Nanobiotechnolgy and Nanophotonics Nano and Micro-Electronics Computational Condensed Matter Physics
Perovskite based Materials for Energy Storage Devices
Perovskite supercapacitors have a promising future in the area of energy storage; due to their superior optoelectronic characteristics, simple device construction and increased efficiency. The book focuses on organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs); organometallic halides-based perovskite solar cells (OMHP-SCs); power conversion efficiency (PCE); ferroelectric-based perovskites; recycling of perovskite-based solar cell modules; lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs); and inorganic tin perovskite solar cells. Keywords: Energy Storage, Solar Cells, Perovskite Supercapacitors, Organometallic Halides-Based Perovskite, Ferroelectric Materials, Recycling and Recovery of Solar Cells, Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells, Organic/Inorganic Based Hybrid Perovskite, Optical Absorption, Charge Transfer, Raw Materials, Optoelectronic Characteristics, Device Construction Procedure, Environmental Instability, Power Conversion Efficiency, Passivation Techniques, Capacitors, Fuel Cells, Toxicity of Lead, Cost Analysis of Recycling, AHP Methodology.
Solar Cells
This book highlights developments in the field of solar cells. The chapters in this book address a wide range of topics including the spectrum of light received by solar cell devices, the basic functioning of a solar cell, and the evolution of solar cell technology during the last 50 years. It places particular emphasis on silicon solar cells, CIGS-based solar cells, organic solar cells, perovskite solar cells and hybrid solar cells. The book describes in detail the fabrication processes employed for different categories of solar cells. It also provides the characterization techniques utilized in this sector to evaluate the performance of solar cells and the scope of this domain in the future. Overall, it presents the essential theoretical and practical concepts of solar cells in an easy-to-understand manner.
