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This newly updated Water Sustainability volume of the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology (ESST) takes a holistic view of full water cycle and integrates the water themes into sustainability science and technology. With the increasing pressures of population growth, water scarcity, flooding, water pollution, climate impacts and competition of water uses among municipal, agricultural, industrial sectors and ecosystem, there is a growing trend in promoting Integrated Water Management and “One Water” concept worldwide. This reference volume covers multi-disciplinary sustainability topics from the perspective of integrated water management, which includes drinking water, wastewater, stormwater, reclaimed water and groundwater. It also spans cross-cutting themes of the water-energy-food nexus, showing how all of these sectors are inextricably linked. Water Sustainability is a comprehensive resource for a broad audience of scientists and engineers, researchers and practitioners, and decision makers whose objective is to advance sustainable water management.
There is widespread public concern about hazardous chemicals that are contained in air, soil, water and food. Policy has therefore adopted a series of laws and regulations concerning emissions into and concentration levels in different media including food. As policy makers do not only have to consider the protection of the environment but also need to ensure a well-functioning economy at the same time, these limit or target values need to be set in a balanced way. The main problem, however, is to compare the costs for achieving these targets with the benefits to society by having a smaller exposure to hazardous substances (cost-benefit analysis). This book sets out to improve the reliabilit...
Excessive levels of heavy metals can be introduced into the environment, for example, by industrial waste or fertilizers. Soil represents a major sink for heavy metals ions, which can then enter the food chain via plants or leaching into groundwater. In Heavy Metal Ions in the Environment, the author looks at where heavy metals ions come from, how they interact with the environment and how they can be removed from the environment – by a process known as remediation. This book serves as a valuable addition to an increasingly important field of study, which is, at present, served by a limited number of archival texts. - Includes comprehensive coverage of heavy metal ions in the environment - Is practical and easy to read - Is suitable for students and researchers in environmental science and environmental or chemical engineering
Despite the importance of preserving the environment in our developing world, activity involving the extraction of natural resources and the disposal of waste continues to increase. Such operations need to be conducted in a carefully-controlled manner, protecting both the natural environment and the communities who live in the vicinity. Every four years the GREEN (Geotechnics Related to the Environment) symposia are held, recognizing the major contribution that geotechnical engineering makes towards achieving the afore-mentioned goals. The meeting provides an international forum for the exchange of ideas, experiences and innovations. The GREEN 4 meeting discussed engineered disposal of waste in landfills; land contaminated by waste disposal and fluid flows; industrial waste dumps from mineral mining and extraction; and environmental management. The book contains expertise from nineteen countries around the world, and provides an integrated view of the latest research and practice in waste disposal. New and evolving ideas, ongoing concerns and developments throughout the world are discussed.
This encyclopedic volume covers almost every phase of piping design - presenting procedures in a straightforward way.;Written by 82 world experts in the field, the Piping Design Handbook: details the basic principles of piping design; explores pipeline shortcut methods in an in-depth manner; and presents expanded rules of thumb for the piping design engineer.;Generously illustrated with over 1575 figures, display equations, and tables, the Piping Design Handbook is for chemical, mechanical, process, and equipment design engineers.
Solid waste was already a problem long before water and air pollution issues attracted public attention. Historically the problem associated with solid waste can be dated back to prehistoric days. Due to the invention of new products, technologies and services the quantity and quality of the waste have changed over the years. Waste characteristics not only depend on income, culture and geography but also on a society's economy and, situations like disasters that affect that economy. There was tremendous industrial activity in Europe during the industrial revolution. The twentieth century is recognized as the American Century and the twenty-first century is recognized as the Asian Century in ...
The book presents a detailed assessment of the health science of lead and the human health risk assessment models for lead's human health impacts, followed by an account of various regulatory efforts in the United States and elsewhere to eliminate or reduce human toxic exposures to lead. The science of lead as presented here covers releases of lead into the environment, lead's movement through the environment to reach humans who are then exposed, and the spectrum of toxic effects, particularly low-level toxic effects, on the developing central nervous system of the very young child. The section on human health risk assessment deals with quantifying not only the dose-response relationships th...
By combining integrated solid waste management with the traditional coverage of landfills, this new edition offers the first comprehensive guide to managing the entire solid waste cycle, from collection, to recycling, to eventual disposal. * Includes new material on source reduction, recycling, composting, contamination soil remediation, incineration, and medical waste management. * Presents up-to-date chapters on bioreactor landfills, wetland mitigation, and landfill remediation. * Offers comprehensive coverage of the role of geotechnical engineering in a wide variety of environmental issues.