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The Napoleonic Wars saw almost two decades of brutal fighting. Fighting took place on an unprecedented scale, from the frozen wastelands of Russia to the rugged mountains of the Peninsula; from Egypt's Lower Nile to the bloody battlefield of New Orleans. Volume II of The Cambridge History of the Napoleonic Wars provides a comprehensive guide to the Napoleonic Wars and weaves together the four strands – military, naval, economic, and diplomatic - that intertwined to make up one of the greatest conflicts in history. Written by a team of the leading Napoleonic scholars, this volume provides an authoritative and comprehensive analysis of why the nations went to war, the challenges they faced and how the wars were funded and sustained. It sheds new light not only on the key battles and campaigns but also on questions of leadership, strategy, tactics, guerrilla warfare, recruitment, supply, and weaponry.
Early in the modern period, prisoners of war with the rank of officer or equivalent had the right to petition for parole. By effectively pawning their personal honour, they were able to purchase freedom of movement and other privileges-in-captivity. Increasingly, other ranks and civilians claimed a right to parole too. Based on material from close to thirty Australian, British, Dutch, French, German, and Swiss archives, Jasper Heinzen investigates the role and implications of honour-based agreements between prisoners of war and their captors in western European warfare. Across a range of ego documents, ministerial memoranda, the minutes of Masonic lodges, and prisoners' petitions, as well as...
English summary: The idea of the 'double body' was something that Roman jurists were already familiar with and which found its footing on the premise that between the whole and the sum of its parts there lies a fundamental difference. The relation of unity and diversity has started attracting interest again because nations have begun to hand over considerable amounts of their sovereignty to outlying institutions. The metaphor also applies to political bodies, for example when the talk is of corporations or 'non-state bodies', because new legal orders are constantly emerging within progressive trans-nationalization. But do such partial orders let themselves be understood in terms of unity? Th...
This book illuminates the original meanings of seventeenth- and early-eighteenth-century mural paintings in Britain. At the time, these were called ‘histories’. Throughout the eighteenth century, though, the term became directly associated with easel painting and, as ‘history painting’ achieved the status of a sublime genre, any link with painted architectural interiors was lost. Whilst both genres contained historical figures and narratives, it was the ways of viewing them that differed. Lydia Hamlett emphasises the way that mural paintings were experienced by spectators within their architectural settings. New iconographical interpretations and theories of effect and affect are considered an important part of their wider historical, cultural and social contexts. This book is intended to be read primarily by specialists, graduate and undergraduate students with an interest in new approaches to British art of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
Since the 19th century, the German state prosecution service has been criticised for its law enforcement practices. Partly responsible for the negative view of the German criminal justice system is the status of state prosecutors in criminal proceedings. It is unclear whether in its 170-year-old history, the German state prosecution service acted as the advocate of the state or as the advocate of justice. Dr. Martin Wilke analyses whether the German public prosecution service fulfils its task as an objective guardian of the law. In addition to an analysis of the status of the state prosecution service, the author examines how the mentality of state prosecutors affected criminal enforcement practice in state protection proceedings.
Der Rechtstext muss beständig fortgelesen werden, um bestimmte interpretative Positionen nicht auszuschließen. Damit sich der Interpret aus dem Kontinuum immer gleicher Lesungen lösen kann, muss der Text für den Einzug des Anderen offengehalten werden. Die juristische Entscheidung gerät so zu einer verantwortlichen Interpretation des Rechts: Der Freiheit des Interpreten, den Text und seinen pluralen Sinn immer weiter auszuschöpfen, geht die Verantwortung voraus, eben dies zu tun. Dieser Imperativ ruft den juristischen Entscheidungsträger in die Pflicht, den Rechtstext nicht als durch die juristisch dogmatischen Sedimente verschlossen zu betrachten, sondern eine Entscheidung jenseits d...
The British army between 1783 and 1815 – the army that fought in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars – has received severe criticism and sometimes exaggerated praise from contemporaries and historians alike, and a balanced and perceptive reassessment of it as an institution and a fighting force is overdue. That is why this carefully considered new study by Kevin Linch is of such value. He brings together fresh perspectives on the army in one of its most tumultuous – and famous – eras, exploring the global range of its deployment, the varieties of soldiering it had to undertake, its close ties to the political and social situation of the time, and its complex relationship wit...