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Comparative studies between HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 function and pathobiology
Human T-cell leukemia viruses type 1 and 2 (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) share a common genetic organization, expression strategy and ability to infect and immortalize T-cells in vitro; however, HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 are strikingly different in terms of clinical impact. HTLV-1 is recognized as the aetiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), and HTLV-associated myeolopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), in contrast, HTLV-2 does not cause hematologic disorders and is only sporadically associated with cases of subacute myelopathy. HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 also exhibit distinct cellular tropisms in vivo: HTLV-1 is mainly found in CD4+T lymphocytes, whereas CD8+T-cells are the preferred target for HTLV-2. The articles contributed in this Research Topic are covering all the different aspects that characterize HTLV-1 and HTLV-2, by highlighting differences in their biology that might provide clues to their distinct pathogenic properties.
Molecular Pathology of HTLV-1
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first human retrovirus discovered, in 1980, by Gallo and co-workers. About 5-10% of HTLV-1-infected individuals are at risk of developing either a fatal malignancy, adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), or a chronic neuroinflammatory syndrome, HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Both diseases are incurable at present. Many issues concerning HTLV-1’s life cycle and pathobiology are still unsolved or controversial, and new approaches for prognostic stratification of patients and eradication of HTLV-1 infection are in high demand. In this Research Topic, the focus has been centered on discussing two main themes: the functional analysis and oncogenic potential of HTLV-1 regulatory proteins and the control of HTLV-1-associated diseases. The 22 articles in this eBook cover many different aspects of HTLV-1 infection and pathogenesis, providing new perspectives and groundwork for future studies.
Terminal Transferase in Immunobiology and Leukemia
This book contains the proceedings of a conference devoted to the study of the structure and function of Terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transferase (TdT) and its utilization as biochemical marker in immuno biology and leukemia, held in Elba, Italy on May 28-31, 1981. The en zyme has been known to nucleic acid biochemists for more than 20 years and has proved to be an excellent tool for making deoxypolymers, label ing DNA fragments, and adding homopolymer tails to restriction endonu clease fragments from DNA. Since the discovery of its peculiar tissue distribution, normally restricted to the thymus and bone marrow, and of its abnormal occur rence in human leukemic lymphoblasts, TdT has become one ...
DNA Repair and Mutagenesis in Eukaryotes
Not many years ago most discussion of mutation induction by physical and chemical agents concentrated on the initial lesions induced in the DNA with the implicit assumption that once the lesions were made they were converted almost automatically to mutations by relatively simple processes associated with DNA replication. The discovery of a variety of enzymatic processes that can repair these lesions, the great increase in our understanding of the molecular steps involved in repair, replication, and recombination, and the increasing availability of cells with genetic defects in these pro cesses have led to the realization that mutation induction is a far more complex process than we originall...
Current Catalog
First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.
DNA Repair Mechanisms and Their Biological Implications in Mammalian Cells
This volume contains edited contributions from the speakers at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "DNA Repair Mechanisms and Their Biological Implications in Mammalian Cells" held October 1-6, 1988, at the Abbaye Royale de Fontevraud, Fontevraud France. The meeting was dedicated to Paul Howard-Flanders (Yale University, New Haven, CT. , 1919-1988), whose seminal con tributions to the DNA repair field include the cO-discovery of the excision repair pathway, the elucidation of post-repli cation repair in E. coli, the isolation of the lexA and recC mutants, and his extensive work on the enzymology of RecA. A plethora of recent developments in DNA repair mechan isms and related processes in mammalian cells have advanced our understanding of this field in a number of different areas and have given new emphasis to the ways these systems both resemble DNA repair processes in other groups of organisms in some respects yet are strikingly different from them in others. Within the past decade there have been a number of international conferences on DNA damage and repair mechanisms but none has been focused on these processes in mammalian cells.
Hiv/vaccine Needs - Proceedings Of The Internaional Seminar On Planetary Emergencies, 24th Session
Contents: Opening Session (T D Lee, K M B Siegbahn, A Zichichi, D Schlessinger, B Simeone, L Montagnier & W A Sprigg)HIV/Aids Vaccine Needs (W Makgoba, R C Gallo, S Osmanov, M Schechter, S Sempala, P Thongcharoen, D Birx, M I Johnston, H Wolf, S Berkley, U Bertazzoni & J A Gayle)Biotechnology (B Müller-Hill, R Braun, P Campbell, M Hughes & A Aguzzi)Neuropathologies (B Ghetti, M Rossor & P Brown)Development Sustainability — Focus Africa (G Farmer, C A Reynolds, M Diop & S Schmeidl)Climate and Weather Predictions (P Uhlir, G Tallia, S Nickovic, W Thiaw, L Wood, R Clark & M E Abdalla)Energy (A Skrinsky, A Gagarinski, A Rosenfeld, P K Iyengar, D Morrison, J Ongena & Y P Huo)Water (S Sorooshia...
DNA Synthesis
This book represents the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute held in Santa Flavia, Sicily from the 20 - 29th June, 1977. In addition to the review talks given by the Lecturers at the Institute it proved feasible for other topics to be splendidly reviewed. This has led to a much wider subject coverage than would otherwise have been possible. The discussion sessions which followed these review talks were extremely valuable and almost all the participants played an active role. Essentially all of the verbal contributions presented at this ASI were subsequently put into written format, which is why these proceedings are so extensive. ~hey do, however, provide an up-to-date summary o...
