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Topological Charge of Optical Vortices
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 321

Topological Charge of Optical Vortices

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2022-12-30
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  • Publisher: CRC Press

This book is devoted to the consideration of unusual laser beams – vortex or singular beams. It contains many numerical examples, which clearly show how the phase of optical vortices changes during propagation in free space, and that the topological charge is preserved. Topological Charge of Optical Vortices shows that the topological charge of an optical vortex is equal to the number of screw dislocations or the number of phase singularities in the beam cross-section. A single approach is used for the entire book: based on M. Berry’s formula. It is shown that phase singularities during beam propagation can be displaced to infinity at a speed greater than the speed of light. The uniquene...

Iteractive Methods For Diffractive Optical Elements Computation
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 258

Iteractive Methods For Diffractive Optical Elements Computation

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 1997-05-08
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  • Publisher: CRC Press

This high level monograph for the optics research market explores a large number of novel interactive methods and algorithms for calculating the transmission function of phase diffractive optical elements. The text includes accounts of well-established methods and algorithms for calculating DOEs, but its major contribution is to include current methods and examine the theoretical and practical aspects of synthesising optical components. All the methods discussed in this book have been verified by their numerical simulation. A fast fourier transform algorithm presents computational basis of all the methods considered. A portion of the algorithms have received a comparative study in terms of their suitability for solving the same problem. For a number of the interactive algorithms a rigorous proof to their convergence is given.

Vortex Laser Beams
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 244

Vortex Laser Beams

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2018-09-03
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  • Publisher: CRC Press

This book deals with theoretical bases of the modern optics division concerned with coherent light fields with singularities characterized by phase uncertainty. Singular light fields include laser vortex beams or beams that carry orbital angular momentum. Laser vortex beams that have been introduced in optics in recent years are discussed in detail. Among them, of special notice are families of asymmetric laser vortex beams that, while being devoid of radial symmetry, remain unchanged upon propagation. What makes the laser vortex beams especially interesting is the ability to preserve their structure while propagating in a scattering medium or through a turbulent atmosphere. The orbital angu...

Diffractive Nanophotonics
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 697

Diffractive Nanophotonics

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2016-04-19
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  • Publisher: CRC Press

Diffractive Nanophotonics demonstrates the utility of the well-established methods of diffractive computer optics in solving nanophotonics tasks. It is concerned with peculiar properties of laser light diffraction by microoptics elements with nanoscale features and light confinement in subwavelength space regions. Written by recognized experts in t

Relativistic Nuclear Physics And Quantum Chromodynamics - Proceedings Of Xth International Seminar On High Energy Physics Problems
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 669

Relativistic Nuclear Physics And Quantum Chromodynamics - Proceedings Of Xth International Seminar On High Energy Physics Problems

The volume of proceedings of the Xth International Seminar on High Energy Physics, Relativistic Nuclear Physics and Quantum Chromodynamics brings together reports from the major experimental collaborations at JINR, Fermilab, Brookhaven, SATURNE, Orsay, GSI Darmstadt, Riken Cyclotron Lab. KEK, SLAC, Novosibirsk, MIT Bates, IHEP USSR and summaries of the major theoretical and experimental advances made in relativistic and nuclear physics over the last two years. The focus of the volume is upon relativistic nuclear physics, but the coverage of topics is sufficiently comprehensive to include many important results of cumulative reactions, polarization phenomena in nuclear physics, non nucleon degrees of freedom in nuclei.

Sc, Y, La-Lu. Rare Earth Elements
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 289

Sc, Y, La-Lu. Rare Earth Elements

The volume "Rare Earth Elements" C 11 deals with the compounds and systems of the rare earth elements with boron, Le., borides, borates, and associated alkali double compounds. As in all earlier volumes of "Rare Earth Elements" Se ries C ("Seltenerdelemente" Reihe Cl, comparative data are presented in sections preceding treatment of the individual compounds and systems. Topics of the present volume C 11 aare the comparative data on the borides and the indi vidual sections on the systems and borides containing Sc, Y, and La. The individual sections for the systems and borides with Ce to Lu can be found in the following volume C 11 b together with the borates, their alkali double compounds, and other compounds containing Ce to Lu, boron and elements related by the Gmelin system. The most extensively studied borides treated in the comparative sections are of the type MB. These rare earth hexaborides are refractory compounds and so me of them, especially e LaBe, are good thermionic emissive materials or exhibit other interesting physical properties.

Sharp Focusing of Laser Light
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 268

Sharp Focusing of Laser Light

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2019-10-28
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  • Publisher: CRC Press

Readers will learn in which ways light can be "confined" within a subwavelength region smaller than half a wavelength. Strictly within the focal spot, all degrees of freedom of light interact and manifest themselves in a dramatic way. The size and shape of the focal spot and the magnitude of side-lobes depend on the polarization state alongside phase and amplitude distributions of a light beam. Readers will learn techniques in which inhomogeneously (i.e., azimuthally and radially) polarized optical beams can be focused. In sharp focus, exotic phenomena can occur, including the negative propagation of light and a toroidal optical flow. Throughout the book, the numerical simulation is performe...

Progress in Optics
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 448

Progress in Optics

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2009-11-19
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  • Publisher: Elsevier

In the almost fifty years that have gone by since the first volume of Progress in Optics was published, optics has become one of the most dynamic fields of science. The volumes in this series that have appeared up to now contain more than 300 review articles by distinguished research workers, which have become permanent records for many important developments. Invariant Optical Fields Quantum Optics in Structured Media Polarization and Coherence Optics Optical Quantum Computation Photonic Crystals Lase Beam-Splitting Gratings

Plasticity in the Nervous System
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 336

Plasticity in the Nervous System

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 1992-07-08
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  • Publisher: CRC Press

Reviews aspects of nervous plasticity, emphasizing how the higher nervous activity of humans and animals are an expression of plastic properties of the brain. Covers the plasticity of nerve cells and its mechanisms, plasticity of the brain as the basis of individual forms of adaptive behavior, and its role in disturbances of brain function. Updated and translated from the award-winning 1986 edition, which is now a standard text in many neuroscience departments. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Russia is the blood enemy of Ukraine. The true history of Ukraine and Russia from the 2nd century BC. not distorted by Russian propaganda.
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 799

Russia is the blood enemy of Ukraine. The true history of Ukraine and Russia from the 2nd century BC. not distorted by Russian propaganda.

This historical book reveals the secrets of the past, casting light on the dark corners of the relationship between Ukraine and Russia. It unfolds a large-scale picture of an age-old relationship, shedding light on the tragic events and indescribable feats of both nations. As we travel through time, we will discover that the history of these two peoples is intertwined with threads of complex events dating back to ancient times. Each page of the book reveals not only the fascinating drama of historical vicissitudes, but also pronounced features of national character that shape the fate of peoples. This deep dive into the past opens eyes to the true causes of much of Ukraine's suffering, revea...