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Recoge: Section 1: Overview of the pension reform debate -- Section 2: Description of model used to asses the pension reform options -- Section 3: PAYG System :economic assessment of the main parametric / labour market reform options : What is needed to bring the system back into equilibrium? -- Section 4: Systemic reform: 2Key factors to be considered - internal rates of return + transition burden -- Section 5: Economic assessment of a full / partial shift to funding -- Section 6: An "optimal" EU pension reform strategy.
Recoge: Introduction - 1. The Model - 2. Estimation - 3. Assessing the Role of Fiscal Policy - 4. Conclusion.
Investment is crucial to the development of a nation's economy and welfare. In contrast to the United States, investment in Europe has been quite modest over the past few years. This volume gathers together a number of papers by prominent researchers in the field of investment. It provides an overview of recent developments in this area and presents new empirical findings on the determinants and implications of the investment process in European countries. Topics include: role of taxation, uncertainty and the financial systems, as well as the relevance of corporate governance to the investment process. Two chapters are dedicated to infrastructure investment and foreign direct investment.
The paper assesses, using seven structural models used heavily by policymaking institutions, the effectiveness of temporary fiscal stimulus. Models can, more easily than empirical studies, account for differences between fiscal instruments, for differences between structural characteristics of the economy, and for monetary-fiscal policy interactions. Findings are: (i) There is substantial agreement across models on the sizes of fiscal multipliers. (ii) The sizes of spending and targeted transfers multipliers are large. (iii) Fiscal policy is most effective if it has some persistence and if monetary policy accommodates it. (iv) The perception of permanent fiscal stimulus leads to significantly lower initial multipliers.
Many countries will be confronted with ageing populations in the coming decades. This will crucially affect the economic outlook for the economy. Population changes directly affect the size of the labour force and consequently potential employment and output growth. Because the timing and magnitude of demographic changes varies significantly across regions, international capital flows will play an important role for the allocation of investment. This book offers a comprehensive treatment of ageing related issues based on a five region overlapping generations model and provides a quantitative assessment until 2050.
Recoge: 1. Introduction - 2. Labour taxes in standard labour market models - 3. The econometric model specification - 4. Empirical results - 5. Conclusion.
This paper studies the effects of structural reforms on the functional distribution of income in EU Member States. To study this mechanism we use a DSGE model (Roeger et al. 2008) with households supplying three types of labour, low-, medium- and high-skilled. We assume that households receive income from labour, tangible capital, intangible capital, financial wealth and transfers and we trace how structural reforms affect these types of incomes. The quantification of structural reforms is based on changes in structural indicators that can significantly close the gap of a country's average income towards the best performing countries in the EU. We find a general trade-off between an increase...